{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T22:48:29Z","timestamp":1789685309742,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ypg.0b013e32833a2106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,2]],"date-time":"2010-06-02T10:53:29Z","timestamp":1275476009000},"page":"207-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Genome-wide association study identifies genes that may contribute to risk for developing heroin addiction"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"David A.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vadim","family":"Yuferov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunsheng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurg","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Jeanne","family":"Kreek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.329","article-title":"Highly conserved non-coding elements on either side of SOX9 associated with Pierre Robin sequence","volume":"41","author":"Benko","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R2-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12520-2","article-title":"Population stratification and spurious allelic association","volume":"361","author":"Cardon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R3-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15173","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.26.15173","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of single-nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"96","author":"Collins","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R4-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg055","article-title":"Synonymous mutations in the human dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) affect mRNA stability and synthesis of the receptor","volume":"12","author":"Duan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R5-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6.3.226","article-title":"The human homolog T of the mouse T(Brachyury) gene; gene structure, cDNA sequence, and assignment to chromosome 6q27","volume":"6","author":"Edwards","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"R6-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14717","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506677102","article-title":"Multiplexed variation scanning for 1000 amplicons in hundreds of patients using mismatch repair detection (MRD) on tag arrays","volume":"102","author":"Faham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"R7-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2007.04.059","article-title":"Identification and characterization of DUSP27, a novel dual-specific protein phosphatase","volume":"581","author":"Friedberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"R8-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1086\/503631","article-title":"Genomewide linkage scan for opioid dependence and related traits","volume":"78","author":"Gelernter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R9-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30361","article-title":"Genome-wide linkage analysis of heroin dependence in Han Chinese: results from wave one of a multi-stage study","volume":"141B","author":"Glatt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"R10-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.011","article-title":"Genome-wide linkage analysis of heroin dependence in Han Chinese: results from wave two of a multi-stage study","volume":"98","author":"Glatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"R11-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001695","article-title":"Genetic tests of biologic systems in affective disorders","volume":"10","author":"Hattori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R12-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-004-1185-8","article-title":"The human T locus and spina bifida risk","volume":"115","author":"Jensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"R13-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.230","article-title":"Regulation of a remote Shh forebrain enhancer by the Six3 homeoprotein","volume":"40","author":"Jeong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R14-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30346","article-title":"Pooled association genome scanning for alcohol dependence using 104\u2009268 SNPs: validation and use to identify alcoholism vulnerability loci in unrelated individuals from the collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism","volume":"141B","author":"Johnson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet Part B: Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"R15-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.4.687","article-title":"Specificity of genetic and environmental risk factors for use and abuse\/dependence of cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogens, sedatives, stimulants, and opiates in male twins","volume":"160","author":"Kendler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R16-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.3642605","article-title":"Evaluation of regulatory potential and conservation scores for detecting cis-regulatory modules in aligned mammalian genome sequences","volume":"15","author":"King","year":"2005","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"R17-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-7-27","article-title":"Pooled DNA genotyping on Affymetrix SNP genotyping arrays","volume":"7","author":"Kirov","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"R18-3-20210213","article-title":"The Genomic Revolution: Unveiling the Unity of Life","author":"Kreek","year":"2002"},{"key":"R19-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm081","article-title":"Genomewide suggestive linkage of opioid dependence to chromosome 14q","volume":"16","author":"Lachman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R20-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3170","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5129-07.2008","article-title":"Glutamate release in the nucleus accumbens core is necessary for heroin seeking","volume":"28","author":"LaLumiere","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R21-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg180","article-title":"A long-range Shh enhancer regulates expression in the developing limb and fin and is associated with preaxial polydactyly","volume":"12","author":"Lettice","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R22-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11864","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500329102","article-title":"Pooled association genome scanning: validation and use to identify addiction vulnerability loci in two samples","volume":"102","author":"Liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R23-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30436","article-title":"Addiction molecular genetics: 639\u2009401 SNP whole genome association identifies many \u201ccell adhesion\u201d genes","volume":"141B","author":"Liu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"R24-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198001000-00006","article-title":"An improved diagnostic evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients. The addiction severity index","volume":"168","author":"Mclellan","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"R25-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02797","article-title":"Genetic analysis of genome-wide variation in human gene expression","volume":"430","author":"Morley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R26-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/5.5.669","article-title":"Genetic mapping of the human homologue (T) of mouse T(Brachyury) and a search for allele association between human T and spina bifida","volume":"5","author":"Morrison","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"R27-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10519-007-9187-7","article-title":"TPH2 and TPH1: association of variants and interactions with heroin addiction","volume":"38","author":"Nielsen","year":"2008a","journal-title":"Behav Genet"},{"key":"R28-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002147","article-title":"Genotype patterns that contribute to increased risk for or protection from developing heroin addiction","volume":"13","author":"Nielsen","year":"2008b","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R29-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/35075590","article-title":"Linkage disequilibrium in the human genome","volume":"411","author":"Reich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R30-3-20210213","article-title":"Federal Regulation of Methadone Treatment","author":"Rettig","year":"1995"},{"key":"R31-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1997.4842","article-title":"The human metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) gene: a disproportionately large gene located at 7q31.3\u2013q32.1","volume":"44","author":"Scherer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"R32-3-20210213","article-title":"TESS: Transcription Element Search Software on the WWW","author":"Schug","year":"1977"},{"key":"R33-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg930","article-title":"DNA pooling: a tool for large-scale association studies","volume":"3","author":"Sham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"R34-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(20000529)92:3<206::AID-AJMG9>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Association between historically high frequencies of neural tube defects and the human T homologue of mouse T (Brachyury)","volume":"92","author":"Shields","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"R35-3-20210213","article-title":"Design and Analysis of DNA Microarray Investigations Series: Statistics for Biology and Health","author":"Simon","year":"2004"},{"key":"R36-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.20108","article-title":"Positive associations of polymorphisms in the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 8 gene (GRM8) with schizophrenia","volume":"128B","author":"Takaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"key":"R37-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19960920)67:5<473::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Genetic influences on DSM-III-R drug abuse and dependence: a study of 3372 twin pairs","volume":"67","author":"Tsuang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"key":"R38-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.55.11.967","article-title":"Co-occurrence of abuse of different drugs in men: the role of drug-specific and shared vulnerabilities","volume":"55","author":"Tsuang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R39-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1086\/324467","article-title":"Polysubstance abuse-vulnerability genes: genome scans for association, using 1004 subjects and 1494 single-nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"69","author":"Uhl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R40-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2156-8-10","article-title":"Molecular genetics of nicotine dependence and abstinence: whole genome association using 520\u2009000 SNPs","volume":"8","author":"Uhl","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Genet"},{"key":"R41-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.3.345","article-title":"Genome-wide association for methamphetamine dependence: convergent results from 2 samples","volume":"65","author":"Uhl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"R42-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000214","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000214","article-title":"High-resolution mapping of expression-QTLs yields insight into human gene regulation","volume":"4","author":"Veyrieras","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"R43-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0888-7543(02)00024-1","article-title":"Genomic definition of RIM proteins: evolutionary amplification of a family of synaptic regulatory proteins (*)","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"R44-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20033","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M909008199","article-title":"The RIM\/NIM family of neuronal C2 domain proteins. Interactions with Rab3 and a new class of Src homology 3 domain proteins","volume":"275","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R45-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-002-1190-3","article-title":"Blockade of ionotropic glutamatergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area reduces heroin reinforcement in rat","volume":"164","author":"Xi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"R46-3-20210213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-008-0501-0","article-title":"Substance dependence low-density whole genome association study in two distinct American populations","volume":"123","author":"Yu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Genet"}],"container-title":["Psychiatric Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00041444-201010000-00003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T18:23:49Z","timestamp":1786040629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00041444-201010000-00003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ypg.0b013e32833a2106","relation":{},"ISSN":["0955-8829"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0955-8829","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}