{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T05:45:08Z","timestamp":1774676708692,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Today, with the enhancement in the usage of smartphones, the concepts of nomophobia and phubbing have emerged. Nomophobia refers to the fear of being deprived of smartphones\/smart devices. Phubbing is the use of a person's smartphone in situations that are not appropriate for the situation, time, and place. Therefore, the study purposed to evaluate nursing students' nomophobia and phubbing scores in Turkey, Portugal, and the United States. The data were collected with the Personal Information Questionnaire, Nomophobia Scale, and Phubbing Scale from N = 446 nursing students. The mean age of the students was 22.04 \u00b1 4.08 years, and 86.5% were women. It was found that the total nomophobia scores of the nursing students were 80.15 \u00b1 21.96, 72.29 \u00b1 28.09, and 99.65 \u00b1 6.11, respectively in Turkey, Portugal, and the United States. When the countries' Nomophobia Scale total scores, \u201cgiving up convenience,\u201d \u201cnot being able to communicate,\u201d and \u201closing connectedness\u201d scores were compared with each other, they were found to be statistically significant (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). When the countries' Phubbing Scale total scores and all subscale scores were compared with each other were found to be statistically significant (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). It is seen that nomophobia scores were moderate (60 \u2264 NMP-Q nomophobia \u2264 99) and phubbing scores (&lt;40) were below the level indicating addiction in all countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/cin.0000000000001154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T20:00:38Z","timestamp":1717531238000},"page":"601-607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nomophobia and Phubbing Levels of Nursing Students"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Gul","family":"Sahin Karaduman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tulay","family":"Basak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Margarida","family":"Santana Fialho Sim-Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"Aaberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Bule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bib1-20250619","first-page":"230","article-title":"The effect of nursing students' smartphone addiction and phubbing behaviors on communication skill","volume":"40","year":"2021","journal-title":"Computers, Informatics, Nursing"},{"key":"bib3-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2020.102910","article-title":"Problematic mobile phone use, nomophobia and decision-making in nursing students mobile and decision-making in nursing students","volume":"49","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"key":"bib4-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2024.103874","article-title":"A model for risk factors harms and of smartphone addiction among nursing students: a scoping review","volume":"75","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"key":"bib5-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2021.104909","article-title":"The negative impact of smartphone usage on nursing students: an integrative literature review","volume":"102","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nurse Education Today"},{"key":"bib6-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2020.104741","article-title":"Smartphone addiction, risk factors and its adverse effects in nursing students: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nurse Education Today"},{"issue":"21","key":"bib7-20250619","first-page":"118","article-title":"Investigation of nomofobia levels of nursing department students","volume":"6","year":"2022","journal-title":"EJONS International Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib8-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/jasp.12506","article-title":"The effects of \u201cphubbing\u201d on social interaction","volume":"48","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9-20250619","first-page":"223","article-title":"Sanal d\u00fcnyanin kronolojik ba\u011fimlili\u011fi: sosyotelizm (phubbing)","volume":"3","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions"},{"key":"bib10-20250619","first-page":"2451","article-title":"Problematic mobile phone use and life satisfaction among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai, China","volume":"9","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"key":"bib11-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600134","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.600134","article-title":"Smartphone use among university students during COVID-19 quarantine: an ethical trigger","volume":"9","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib12-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031307","article-title":"Nursing students' perceptions of smartphone use in the clinical care and safety of hospitalised patients","volume":"18","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"bib13-20250619","first-page":"532","article-title":"Relationship between smartphone addiction of nursing department students and their communication skills","volume":"54","year":"2018","journal-title":"Contemporary Nurse"},{"key":"bib14-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2018.11.010","article-title":"Comparative study of nomophobia among Spanish and Portuguese nursing students","volume":"34","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"bib15-20250619","first-page":"e2021031","article-title":"Nomophobia in healthcare: an observational study between nurses and students","volume":"92","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomedica"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib16-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1097\/jnr.0000000000000370","article-title":"The smartphone addiction levels and the association with communication skills in nursing and medical school students","volume":"28","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib17-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/CIN.0000000000000626","article-title":"The effect of cell phones on attention and learning in nursing students","volume":"38","year":"2020","journal-title":"Computers, Informatics, Nursing"},{"key":"bib18-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.02.059","article-title":"Exploring the dimensions of nomophobia: development and validation of a self-reported questionnaire","volume":"49","year":"2015","journal-title":"Computers in Human Behavior"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib19-20250619","first-page":"1322","article-title":"A growing fear: prevalence of nomophobia among Turkish college students","volume":"32","year":"2015"},{"issue":"8","key":"bib20-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-020-00600-z","article-title":"Assessing nomophobia: validation study of the European Portuguese version of the nomophobia questionnaire","volume":"56","year":"2020","journal-title":"Community Mental Health Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib21-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1556\/2006.4.2015.005","article-title":"Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: a structural equation model","volume":"4","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Addictions"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib23-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1002\/ijop.12790","article-title":"Measurement invariance of the phubbing scale across 20 countries","volume":"56","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"bib24-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181577511","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration","volume":"18","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"14","key":"bib26-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8231","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19148231","article-title":"Mobile device usage before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among rural and urban adults","volume":"19","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib27-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-019-01185-x","article-title":"Parental phubbing and adolescents' depressive symptoms: self-esteem and perceived social support as moderators","volume":"49","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Youth and Adolescence"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib28-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901410010028","article-title":"\u201cNomophobia\u201d: impact of cell phone use interfering with symptoms and emotions of individuals with panic disorder compared with a control group","volume":"10","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health"},{"key":"bib29-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.15805\/addicta.2019.6.1.0028","article-title":"Genetic and environmental sources of nomophobia: a small-scale Turkish twin study","volume":"6","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib30-20250619","first-page":"1519","article-title":"Prevalence of nomophobia among university students: a comparative study of Pakistani and Turkish undergraduate students","volume":"14","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education"},{"issue":"7","key":"bib31-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7136","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe7136","article-title":"An assessment of pharmacy Students' psychological attachment to smartphones at two colleges of pharmacy","volume":"83","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib32-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2023.29.1.40","article-title":"Prevalence of nomophobia in university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthc Inform Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib33-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2019.1692926","article-title":"The effect of nomophobic behavior of nurses working at surgical clinics on time management and psychological well-being","volume":"25","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Use"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib34-20250619","first-page":"542","article-title":"The effect of technology-dependent behavioral disorders, including nomophobia, phubbing, fear of missing out, and netlessphobia, on quality of life and life satisfaction in desk-workers","volume":"40","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"bib35-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2018.07.013","article-title":"Smartphones and mobile applications (apps) in clinical nursing education: a student perspective","volume":"69","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Education Today"},{"issue":"5","key":"bib36-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2015.01.018","article-title":"Mobile technology in nursing education: where do we go from here? A review of the literature","volume":"35","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nurse Education Today"},{"key":"bib37-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2021.103111","article-title":"Is there a relationship between nursing students' smartphone use, their fear of missing out and their care-related behaviour?","volume":"54","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"issue":"22","key":"bib38-20250619","first-page":"91","article-title":"Nomophobia and phubbing lev\u00e9is in students of the Santo Tom\u00e1s University of the City of Arica","volume":"22","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fides et Ratio - Revista de Difusi\u00f3n Cultural y Cient\u00edfica de la Universidad La Salle en Bolivia"},{"key":"bib39-20250619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2022.103478","article-title":"Prevalence and predisposing factors of smartphone addiction, sleep quality and daytime sleepiness of nursing students: a cross-sectional design","volume":"65","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nurse Education in Practice"},{"key":"bib40-20250619","first-page":"32","article-title":"A review of the effect of nurses' use of smartphone to improve patient care","volume":"6","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Undergraduate Research in Alberta"}],"container-title":["CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/CIN.0000000000001154","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T19:03:27Z","timestamp":1750359807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/CIN.0000000000001154"}},"subtitle":["A Multicenter Study"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/cin.0000000000001154","relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-9774"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-9774","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]}}}