{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T13:57:29Z","timestamp":1774879049758,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n Pre-operative anxiety is present in most day surgery patients and is associated with increased postoperative pain. However, most anaesthetists do not objectively evaluate pre-operative anxiety. Both Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ) and Anxiety Numeric Rating Scale (ANRS) are tools that can be used for standardised anxiety assessment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n To compare the SFQ and ANRS in assessing pre-operative anxiety and predicting postoperative pain; to identify predictive factors for high pre-operative anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n Secondary analysis of a multicentre prospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SETTING<\/jats:title>\n Three Portuguese ambulatory surgery units.<\/jats:p>\n PATIENTS Two hundred and ninety-six patients underwent open inguinal hernia repair between September 2018 and March 2020.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n INTERVENTION<\/jats:title>\n Patients were assessed for pre-operative anxiety using the SFQ and ANRS before surgery. Postoperative evaluations were conducted at 24\u200ah, 7\u200adays, 3\u200amonths and 1\u200ayear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES<\/jats:title>\n Pre-operative anxiety and postoperative pain, Global Surgery Recovery Index and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n \n Two hundred and fifty-four patients completed the 12-month follow-up, with 260 men and 31 women analysed. The mean pre-operative SFQ score was 21.6\u200a\u00b1\u200a15.8, with cutoffs of 20\/24 for predicting acute\/chronic pain. The mean pre-operative ANRS score was 3.7\u200a\u00b1\u200a2.5, with an optimal cutoff of 4. Patients with SFQ at least 21 had worse postoperative outcomes at all time points (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a<\u200a0.03). The SFQ could predict pain at least 4 at all analysed time points while the ANRS could only predict pain 1 year after surgery. Independent predictors of high pre-operative anxiety included younger age, female sex, BMI less than 30 and pre-operative pain score at least 4.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n Pre-operative anxiety evaluation allows for the identification of patients at a high risk for postoperative complications. Both instruments demonstrated some ability to predict postoperative pain and might be valuable in the pre-operative setting, with the SFQ showing better performance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n TRIAL REGISTRATION<\/jats:title>\n NCT03499730<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/ea9.0000000000000102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T13:05:33Z","timestamp":1774875933000},"page":"e0102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing two pre-operative anxiety scales for predicting postoperative pain in ambulatory surgery"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Caroline S.","family":"Dahlem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Catarina T.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carmen 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