{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T08:07:24Z","timestamp":1758960444981},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"\n PURPOSE:<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to describe the physiological profile and limiting factors during exercise among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n A descriptive study involving 34 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (22 men) aged 68 \u00b1 8 years was conducted. All patients completed a pulmonary function test, cardiopulmonary exercise test, Doppler echocardiography, 6-minute walk test, and modified Medical Research Council dyspnea evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n Approximately 38% of patients (range, 15%-71%) presented with coexisting comorbidities including pulmonary hypertension and emphysema. Modified Medical Research Council grades 0-2 and 3-4 were assigned to 68% and 32% of patients, respectively. Median values for forced vital capacity and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide percent (%) predicted were 68 (95% CI, 63-76) and 51 (95% CI, 46-55), respectively. Left ventricular systolic function was normal. Aerobic capacity (\n \n \n \n JOURNAL\/jcprh\/04.03\/01273116-201607000-00007\/7FSM1\/v\/2023-09-11T074056Z\/r\/image-gif\n \n \n \n \n o<\/jats:sc>\n 2peak<\/jats:sub> = 13.4 mL\/kg\/min [95% CI, 12.6-14.9]; 62% predicted [95% CI, 56-67]) was moderately reduced with the presence of abnormalities in pulmonary gas exchange and desaturation, circulatory impairments, inefficient ventilation, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Functional capacity was normal (6-minute walk test distance = 505 m [95% CI, 435-522]; 99% predicted [95% CI, 91-108]).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n The physiological profile demonstrated the presence of comorbidities in approximately 38% of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and a moderate level of dyspnea. Resting cardiopulmonary function showed moderate pulmonary restriction and severe impairments in diffusion capacity with normal left ventricular systolic function. Multifactorial limitations for a moderately diminished aerobic capacity were revealed during the cardiopulmonary exercise test, although functional capacity was normal. These results emphasize the significance of a meticulous evaluation, including the cardiopulmonary exercise test for an accurate exercise tolerance evaluation, to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis and for developing effective targeted treatments.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/hcr.0000000000000177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,27]],"date-time":"2016-04-27T16:18:51Z","timestamp":1461773931000},"page":"270-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Physiological Profile and Limitations in Exercise in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Baruch","family":"Vainshelboim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Benjamin Daniel","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yochai","family":"Adir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jacob Eliezer","family":"Ollech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mordechai Reuven","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"R1-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management","volume":"183","author":"Raghu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R2-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200701-044OC","article-title":"Mortality from pulmonary fibrosis increased in the United States from 1992 to 2003","volume":"176","author":"Olson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R3-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-3-8","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"3","author":"Meltzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"R4-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00131813","article-title":"6-minute walk distance is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"43","author":"du Bois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"R5-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972309354689","article-title":"Exercise limitation in interstitial lung disease\u2014mechanisms, significance and therapeutic options","volume":"7","author":"Holland","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"R6-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2004.05.005","article-title":"Resting and exercise physiology in interstitial lung diseases","volume":"25","author":"Lama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R7-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200802-241OC","article-title":"The prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"179","author":"Fell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2, pt 1","key":"R8-20230911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.2.ats3-00","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: diagnosis and treatment. 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