{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T23:04:39Z","timestamp":1772060679802,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,25]],"date-time":"2016-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458864000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain","PAIN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Migraine is a painful neurologic disorder with premonitory symptomatology that can include disturbed appetite. Migraine pathophysiology involves abnormal activation of trigeminocervical complex (TCC) neurons. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is synthesized in the brain and is involved in pain modulation. NPY receptors are present in trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis suggesting a role in migraine pathophysiology. The present study aimed to determine the effect of systemic administration of NPY on TCC neuronal activity in response to dural nociceptive trigeminovascular activation. We performed in vivo electrophysiology in anesthetized rats, administered NPY (10, 30, and 100 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and investigated the receptors involved by studying NPY Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>(30 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), Y<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(30 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and Y<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>receptor agonists (100\u00b7\u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), and NPY Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptor antagonist (30 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). NPY (30 and 100 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) significantly reduced TCC neuronal firing in response to dural-evoked trigeminovascular activation, but only NPY (30 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) significantly reduced spontaneous trigeminal firing. NPY Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptor agonist also significantly reduced dural-evoked and spontaneous TCC neuronal firing. NPY (10 \u00b5g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), NPY Y<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and Y<jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>receptor agonists, and the NPY Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptor antagonist had no significant effects on nociceptive dural-evoked neuronal firing in the TCC or spontaneous trigeminal firing. This study demonstrates that NPY dose dependently inhibits dural-evoked trigeminal activity, through NPY Y<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>receptor activation, indicating antinociceptive actions of NPY in a migraine animal model. Based on the role of NPY in appetite regulation, it is possible that disruption of the NPY system might explain changes of appetite in migraineurs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000571","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,26]],"date-time":"2016-03-26T08:51:32Z","timestamp":1458982292000},"page":"1666-1673","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Neuropeptide Y inhibits the trigeminovascular pathway through NPY Y1 receptor: implications for migraine"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Margarida-Martins","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, and Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Akerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}]},{"given":"Isaura","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, and Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Goadsby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Headache Group, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/306584a0","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y distribution in human brain","volume":"306","author":"Adrian","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"R2-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.19.10.907","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of pancreatic polypeptide in man","volume":"19","author":"Adrian","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"R3-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3057","article-title":"Diencephalic and brainstem mechanisms in migraine","volume":"12","author":"Akerman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R4-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14869","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0943-13.2013","article-title":"Endocannabinoids in the brainstem modulate dural trigeminovascular nociceptive traffic via CB1 and \u201ctriptan\u201d receptors: implications in migraine","volume":"33","author":"Akerman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R5-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.10.16","article-title":"Animal models of headache- from bedside to bench and back to beside","volume":"10","author":"Andreou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"R6-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.02.005","article-title":"Differential modulation of nociceptive dural input to [hypocretin] Orexin A and B receptor activation in the posterior hypothalamic area","volume":"109","author":"Bartsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"PAIN"},{"key":"R7-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2004.03.015","article-title":"Hypothalamic activation after stimulation of the superior sagittal sinus in the cat: a Fos study","volume":"16","author":"Benjamin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"R8-20230818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05036.x","article-title":"Animal models of migraine. 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