{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T19:29:39Z","timestamp":1772652579926,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The metabolic syndrome is a complex entity comprised of multiple cardiovascular risk factors grouped in a single individual, contributing to an increased rate of cardiovascular events which goes beyond what would be expected given the impact of each individual risk factor. It is a multifactorial condition whose complete pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Several studies have shown that not only the intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis may play a role in its pathogenesis, but also that modulating said microbiota may play a role in treating or at least ameliorating the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this article is to review some of the most recent evidence linking the gut microbiome and the metabolic syndrome to help further understand this relationship and try to identify further research directions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pbj.0000000000000105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T23:00:06Z","timestamp":1607036406000},"page":"e105","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Role of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome: a review of recent evidence"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Manuel","family":"Alveirinho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa Doutoral em Metabolismo \u2013 Cl\u00ednica e Experimenta\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Endocrinologia do Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, I3S \u2013 Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Porto"}]},{"given":"Maria Leonor","family":"Faleiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Algarve Biomedical Center, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal."}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644","article-title":"Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome","volume":"120","author":"Alberti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"R2-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116053109","article-title":"Metagenomic systems biology of the human gut microbiome reveals topological shifts associated with obesity and inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"109","author":"Greenblum","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci."},{"key":"R3-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4050","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129194","article-title":"The gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome","volume":"129","author":"Dabke","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"R4-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.59","article-title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation for clostridium difficile infection: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"108","author":"Kassam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"R5-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.06.031","article-title":"Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome","volume":"143","author":"Vrieze","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"R6-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.01.072","article-title":"Targeting the human microbiome with antibiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics: gastroenterology enters the metagenomics era","volume":"136","author":"Preidis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"R7-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.172668","article-title":"Intake of whole-grain and fiber-rich rye bread versus refined wheat bread does not differentiate intestinal microbiota composition in finnish adults with metabolic syndrome","volume":"143","author":"Lappi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"R8-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6941.12228","article-title":"A gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention for amelioration of chronic inflammation underlying metabolic syndrome","volume":"87","author":"Xiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol."},{"key":"R9-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa026","article-title":"Effects of whole-grain wheat, rye, and lignan supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in men with metabolic syndrome: a randomized crossover trial","volume":"111","author":"Eriksen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"R10-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2012.33","article-title":"The type and quantity of dietary fat and carbohydrate alter faecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid excretion in a metabolic syndrome \u2018at-risk\u2019 population","volume":"37","author":"Fava","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Obes."},{"key":"R11-20231106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0159223","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0159223","article-title":"Effects of arabinoxylan and resistant starch on intestinal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomised crossover study. 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