{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T20:54:39Z","timestamp":1757451279725},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In Tanzania, adolescent pregnancy results in a denial of the girl's fundamental right to education. School expulsion of pregnant adolescents is a common practice exercised by teachers in this country for decades. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and feelings of secondary school teachers towards this practice.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study used a qualitative approach comprising focus groups and individual semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of sixteen teachers and nine headmasters (n\u200a=\u200a25) from nine secondary schools of the rural Igunga district, in Tabora region, Tanzania. Data was collected in March to June 2017 and submitted to thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Though most participants were not satisfied with the practice, their role on the expulsion of pregnant students was perceived as mandatory by law and regulations. Main argument in favor was its deterrent effect, yet the review of schools\u2019 registries did not sustain that perception. Stigma and fear of contamination added a relevant contribution to its implementation. Conflicting feelings among teachers were also disclosed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study was of most value to understand current perceptions and feelings of those who exercise the practice of banning pregnant adolescents from school in Tanzania, while having identified some of the cultural and social believes acting as influential factors in its pervasiveness. International and national human rights organizations should increase their efforts and campaigns in order to strength social awareness of the benefit of females\u2019 education to society as a whole and of adopting policies and practices in support of their equal right to education.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pbj.0000000000000141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T23:01:16Z","timestamp":1633993276000},"page":"e141","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Perceptions of secondary school teachers towards school expulsion of pregnant adolescents at Igunga District, Tanzania\u2014a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Hamida","family":"Nkata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit \u2013 Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Nkinga Institute of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 60, Nkinga, Tabora, Tanzania"}]},{"given":"Sandra C.S.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit \u2013 Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro em Rede de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Antropologia, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Tumaini","family":"Nyamhanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Development Studies, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar-Es-Salaam, Tanzania"}]},{"given":"Henrique","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EPIUnit \u2013 Instituto de Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica e Forenses e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal."}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"R4-20241001","first-page":"68","article-title":"Dynamics in family patterns in Tanzania: the case of Kijitonyama Ward, Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania","volume":"5","author":"Manyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sociol Social Work."},{"key":"R5-20241001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-523","article-title":"Family planning decisions, perceptions and gender dynamics among couples in Mwanza, Tanzania: a qualitative study","volume":"30","author":"Mosha","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"R8-20241001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.03.004","article-title":"Adolescence lost: The realities of child marriage","volume":"52","author":"Erulkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health."},{"key":"R9-20241001","first-page":"1","article-title":"Charting 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Med."},{"key":"R25-20241001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-7922-7-29","article-title":"Bowel perforation secondary to illegally induced abortion: a tertiary hospital experience in Tanzania","volume":"7","author":"Mabula","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg."},{"key":"R26-20241001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(13)41682-8","article-title":"Gendered norms, sexual exploitation and adolescent pregnancy in rural Tanzania","volume":"21","author":"McCleary-Sills","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health Matters."}],"container-title":["Porto Biomedical 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