{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T04:27:59Z","timestamp":1741753679938,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Adolescents undergoing surgery have expressed a willingness to obtain information about their surgery and to be involved in the decisions about their health care process. Around 80% of adolescents experience anxiety before undergoing surgery. On the basis of the adolescents' shared experiences, areas of possible nursing intervention have been identified to prevent anxiety and the multitude of adverse effects associated with it. The purpose of this study is to present a nursing intervention program to prevent perioperative anxiety in adolescents (3P2A) designed based on the first phase of the complex intervention's framework.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The design of this program followed the updated guidance for developing complex interventions issued by the Medical Research Council and the National Institute for Health Research. Five Portuguese nurses, experts in perioperative nursing, and pediatric specialists evaluated and validated the final version of this program.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The nursing intervention program to prevent perioperative anxiety in adolescents (3P2A) consists of three phases that correspond to the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods. The first phase includes conducting a preoperative nursing consultation to identify stressors, providing written and verbal information about the surgery, and applying nonpharmacological interventions to reduce anxiety. In the intraoperative period, nonpharmacological interventions are implemented in the anesthetic induction room immediately before the adolescent falls asleep. Finally, the postoperative period comprises a nursing visit to identify postoperative complications and promote the adolescents' well-being.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n The program is structured with specific interventions to be implemented in each of the perioperative periods. Because of its flexibility, it may be fully or partially implemented considering the identified needs, priorities, and resources when caring for an adolescent with anxiety during the perioperative period.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/jps.0000000000000365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T18:00:06Z","timestamp":1663610406000},"page":"88-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design of a Nursing Intervention Program to Prevent Adolescents' Perioperative Anxiety"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marcia","family":"Pestana-Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Pestana-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"In\u00eas Esteves","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Margarida Reis","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lurdes","family":"Lomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"bib3-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2010.04.017","article-title":"Strategies for decreasing patient anxiety in the perioperative setting","volume":"92","year":"2010","journal-title":"AORN Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"bib4-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jopan.2013.06.003","article-title":"Wacky Wednesday: Use of distraction through humor to reduce preoperative anxiety in children and their parents","volume":"29","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib5-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.12259","article-title":"Development and validation of the pediatric anesthesia behavior score\u2014An objective measure of behavior during induction of anesthesia","volume":"24","year":"2014","journal-title":"Paediatric Anaesthesia"},{"key":"bib6-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2017.12.001","article-title":"Increasing value and reducing waste by optimizing the development of complex interventions: Enriching the development phase of the Medical Research Council (MRC) framework","volume":"79","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib7-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E174","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000000099","article-title":"Predictors of postoperative pain trajectories in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"39","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"bib8-20230914","first-page":"a1655","article-title":"Developing and evaluating complex interventions: The new Medical Research Council guidance","volume":"337","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib9-20230914","first-page":"43","article-title":"Simple steps to reduce anxiety in the surgical patient","volume":"9","year":"2015","journal-title":"OR Nurse"},{"issue":"9","key":"bib10-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03593.x","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety in adolescents undergoing surgery: A pilot study","volume":"21","year":"2011","journal-title":"Paediatric Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"1","key":"bib11-20230914","first-page":"Article 1","article-title":"Effectiveness of family-centred educational interventions in the anxiety, pain and behaviours of children\/adolescents and their parents' anxiety in the perioperative period: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Perioperative Nursing"},{"key":"bib12-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-015-0709-y","article-title":"Criteria for reporting the development and evaluation of complex interventions in healthcare: Revised guideline (CReDECI 2)","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"2","key":"bib13-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/089431849600900207","article-title":"The Neuman systems model in research and practice","volume":"9","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nursing Science Quarterly"},{"issue":"10","key":"bib15-20230914","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-20-00359","article-title":"Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions to manage anxiety in adolescents in the perioperative period: A systematic review protocol","volume":"19","year":"2021a","journal-title":"JBI Evidence Synthesis"},{"issue":"21","key":"bib16-20230914","first-page":"00340","article-title":"Nurses' views on how to best design a program to prevent adolescents' anxiety in the perioperative period. 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