{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T15:29:10Z","timestamp":1758122950749},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Benign esophageal strictures need repeated dilatations to relieve dysphagia. Literature is scarce on the risk factors for refractoriness of these strictures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with refractory strictures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This is a retrospective study of patients with benign esophageal strictures who were referred for esophageal dilatation over a period of 3 years.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 327 esophageal dilatations were performed in 103 patients; 53% of the patients reported dysphagia for liquids. Clinical success was achieved in 77% of the patients. There was a need for further dilatations in 54% of patients, being more frequent in patients with dysphagia for liquids [78 vs. 64%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.008, odds ratio (OR) 1.930], in those with caustic strictures (89 vs. 70%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.007, OR 3.487), and in those with complex strictures (83 vs. 70%, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.047, OR 2.132). Caustic strictures, peptic strictures, and complex strictures showed statistical significance in the multivariate analysis. Time until subsequent dilatations was less in patients with dysphagia for liquids (49 vs. 182 days, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001), in those with peptic strictures (49 vs. 98 days, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.004), in those with caustic strictures (49 vs. 78 days, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.005), and in patients with complex strictures (47 vs. 80 days <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.009). In multivariate analysis, further dilatations occurred earlier in patients with dysphagia for liquids [hazard ratio (HR) 1.506, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.004], in those with peptic strictures (HR 1.644, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.002), in those with caustic strictures (HR 1.581, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.016), and in patients with complex strictures (HR 1.408, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>=0.046).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Caustic, peptic, and complex strictures were associated with a greater need for subsequent dilatations. Time until subsequent dilatations was less in patients with dysphagia for liquids and in those with caustic, peptic, and complex strictures.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/meg.0000000000000594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,5]],"date-time":"2016-02-05T15:19:35Z","timestamp":1454685575000},"page":"684-688","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Risk factors associated with refractoriness to esophageal dilatation for benign dysphagia"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Rodrigues-Pinto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Moutinho-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Armando","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2005.08.033","article-title":"Benign refractory esophageal strictures: widening the endoscopist\u2019s role","volume":"63","author":"Shah","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"R2-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200208000-00001","article-title":"A review of endoscopic methods of esophageal dilation","volume":"35","author":"Lew","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R3-20230916","first-page":"1160","article-title":"Peptic strictures of the esophagus","volume":"88","author":"Marks","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"R4-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(83)90322-0","article-title":"Natural history of benign esophageal stricture treated by dilatation","volume":"85","author":"Patterson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"R5-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-007-0456-0","article-title":"Esophageal and pharyngeal strictures: report on 1862 endoscopic dilatations using the Savary-Gilliard technique","volume":"265","author":"Piotet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"R6-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(96)70215-5","article-title":"Benign anastomotic strictures after transhiatal esophagectomy and cervical esophagogastrostomy: risk factors and management","volume":"111","author":"Honkoop","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"R7-20230916","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(02)70404-5","article-title":"American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 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