{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T16:37:27Z","timestamp":1776184647271,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The diagnosis of pediatric\u2010onset inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) can be challenging in choosing the most informative diagnostic tests and correctly classifying PIBD into its different subtypes. Recent advances in our understanding of the natural history and phenotype of PIBD, increasing availability of serological and fecal biomarkers, and the emergence of novel endoscopic and imaging technologies taken together have made the previous Porto criteria for the diagnosis of PIBD obsolete.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to revise the original Porto criteria using an evidence\u2010based approach and consensus process to yield specific practice recommendations for the diagnosis of PIBD. These revised criteria are based on the Paris classification of PIBD and the original Porto criteria while incorporating novel data, such as for serum and fecal biomarkers. A consensus of at least 80% of participants was achieved for all recommendations and the summary algorithm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The revised criteria depart from existing criteria by defining 2 categories of ulcerative colitis (UC, typical and atypical); atypical phenotypes of UC should be treated as UC. A novel approach based on multiple criteria for diagnosing IBD\u2010unclassified (IBD\u2010U) is proposed. Specifically, these revised criteria recommend upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and ileocolonscopy for all suspected patients with PIBD, with small bowel imaging (unless typical UC after endoscopy and histology) by magnetic resonance enterography or wireless capsule endoscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These revised Porto criteria for the diagnosis of PIBD have been developed to meet present challenges and developments in PIBD and provide up\u2010to\u2010date guidelines for the definition and diagnosis of the IBD spectrum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0000000000000239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T08:49:59Z","timestamp":1384418999000},"page":"795-806","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1200,"title":["ESPGHAN Revised Porto Criteria for the Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Arie","family":"Levine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit Wolfson Medical Center Sackler School of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University Tel\u2010Aviv Israel"}]},{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Koletzko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Shaare Zedek Medical Center The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel"}]},{"given":"Johanna C.","family":"Escher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC\u2010Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Cucchiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit Sapienza University of Rome Italy"}]},{"given":"Lissy","family":"de Ridder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics Erasmus MC\u2010Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam The Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Kaija\u2010Leena","family":"Kolho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland"}]},{"given":"Gabor","family":"Veres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}]},{"given":"Richard K.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Yorkhill Children's Hospital Glasgow UK"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Paerregaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Hvidovre University Hospital Copenhagen Denmark"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Buderus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St.\u2010Marien\u2010Hospital Department of Pediatrics Bonn Germany"}]},{"given":"Mary\u2010Louise C.","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada"}]},{"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Hospital S. Jo\u00e3o Porto Portugal"}]},{"given":"Gigi","family":"Veereman\u2010Wauters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition UZ Brussels Brussels Belgium"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Lionetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement Neurofarba University of Florence Meyer Children Hospital Florence Italy"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Sladek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Jagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Martin de Carpi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Hospital Sant Joan de D\u00e9u Barcelona Spain"}]},{"given":"Annamaria","family":"Staiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences Section of Pediatrics University of Naples \u201cFederico II,\u201d Naples Italy"}]},{"given":"Frank M.","family":"Ruemmele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Paris Descartes INSERM U989 AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Necker Enfants Malades Service de Gastroent\u00e9rologie P\u00e9diatrique Paris France"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Life and Health University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MPG.0000163736.30261.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.06.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.06.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.23013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31805563f3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182662233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21493"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/269076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.02000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181da1db8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00444-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.11.995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2007.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2008.059311"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200402000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2004.tb12110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"2034","article-title":"Atypical rectosigmoid histology in children with newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis","volume":"88","author":"Markowitz J","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01533.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(95)70097-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200211000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200402000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2001.tb07295.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000138182.97366.b4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/UAXMW3428PGN9HJ3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000176435.19197.88"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.1988.tb09486.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-198705000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909091339"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21599"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2002.tb07664.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.23008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.045336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1117-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2003.50015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529709000184"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000189178.00440.bf"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-67-797-472"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200308000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70252-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70202-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20831"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318183e112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.2001.5145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MIB.0000218765.84087.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31812f7f6e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1865"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20336"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20312"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21875"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200209000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Performance of blood tests in diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in a specialist clinic","volume":"89","author":"Cabrera\u2010Abreu JC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181e2ad72"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HendersonP AndersonNH WilsonDC. The diagnostic accuracy of fecal calprotectin during the investigation of suspected paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis.Am J Gastroenterol2013; doi:10.1038\/ajg.2013.131[Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.131"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31821a23d0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e318231d984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2009.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20862"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03954.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02092-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20515"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0245-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-010-9622-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00168-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.10.5474"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200002000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.08.2027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182460111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-006-0372-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2009.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00761.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.177774"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-010-1330-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00715-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181d2979c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181e85b3d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2011.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2010.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31825c9482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.11.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.04.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_106_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"De novo inflammatory bowel disease after pediatric orthotopic liver transplant: a case report","volume":"7","author":"Dehghani SM","year":"2009","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000239","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T12:52:58Z","timestamp":1705582378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000239"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000239"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mpg.0000000000000239","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0277-2116","1536-4801"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0277-2116","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4801","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}}}