{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T05:48:06Z","timestamp":1773726486406,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insulin resistance (IR) affects children and adolescents with obesity and early diagnosis is crucial to prevent long\u2010term consequences. Our aim was to identify predictors of IR and develop a multivariate model to accurately predict IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional analysis of demographical, clinical, and biochemical data from a cohort of patients attending a specialized Paediatric Nutrition Unit in Portugal over a 20\u2010year period. We developed multivariate regression models to predict IR. The participants were randomly divided into 2\u00a0groups: a model group for developing the predictive models and a validation group for cross\u2010validation of the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study included 1423 participants, aged 3\u201317 years old, randomly divided in the model (n = 879) and validation groups (n = 544). The predictive models, including uniquely demographic and clinical variables, demonstrated good discriminative ability [area under the curve (AUC): 0.834\u20130.868; sensitivity: 77.0%\u201383.7%; specificity: 77.0%\u201378.7%] and high negative predictive values (88.9%\u201391.6%). While the diagnostic ability of adding fasting glucose or triglycerides\/high density lipoprotein cholesterol index to the models based on clinical parameters did not show significant improvement, fasting insulin appeared to enhance the discriminative power of the model (AUC: 0.996). During the validation, the model considering demographic and clinical variables along with insulin showed excellent IR discrimination (AUC: 0.978) and maintained high negative predictive values (90%\u201396.3%) for all models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Models based on demographic and clinical variables can be advantageously used to identify children and adolescents at moderate\/high risk of IR, who would benefit from fasting insulin evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/mpg.0000000000003910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T04:00:40Z","timestamp":1692763240000},"page":"779-787","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predicting Insulin Resistance in a Pediatric Population With Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Daniela","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Department Hospital de Braga Braga Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Minho Braga Portugal"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Morgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hospital of Braga Braga Portugal"},{"name":"CEREBRO \u2013 Brain Health Center Braga Portugal"},{"name":"ISAVE Higher Institute of Health Braga Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Correia\u2010Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Hospital de Braga Braga Portugal"},{"name":"ICVS\/3B's Associate Laboratory University of Minho Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Minho Braga Portugal"}]},{"given":"Henedina","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICVS\/3B's Associate Laboratory University of Minho Braga\/Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"},{"name":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) University of Minho Braga Portugal"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Minho Braga Portugal"},{"name":"Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit Pediatric Department and Academic Clinical Center (2CA Braga) Hospital de Braga Braga Portugal"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010\u20101047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db16\u20101167"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/88.2.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.1.7123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8414"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1979.237.3.E214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003\u2010031503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.2.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07\u20101376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431\u2010019\u201003464\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004\u20101921"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"Norma 010\/2013, de 31\/05\/2013","author":"Dire\u00e7\u00e3o Geral da Sa\u00fade","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047\u20106310.2013.00202.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2444"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10\u2010223414"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.124312"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7338.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17477161003615583"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"TannerJM. 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