{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:45:25Z","timestamp":1792856725944,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychosom Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Aging is associated with increased proinflammatory gene expression and systemic inflammation, and psychosocial stress may accelerate these changes. Mindfulness interventions show promise for reducing psychosocial stress and extending healthspan. Inflammatory pathways may play a role. In a sample of lonely older adults, we tested whether mindfulness training reduces proinflammatory gene expression and protein markers of systemic inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Lonely older adults (65\u201385 years; <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic> = 190) were randomly assigned to an 8-week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or matched Health Enhancement Program (HEP). Blood was drawn before and after the intervention and at 3-month follow-up. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, RNA profiling was used to assess transcriptional regulation by proinflammatory nuclear factor \u03baB (NF-\u03baB) as well as \u03b2-adrenergic cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), antiviral interferon regulatory factor (IRF), and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcription factors. Plasma was assayed for proinflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Analyses tested time (pre, post, follow-up) by condition (MBSR versus HEP) effects.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>MBSR reduced NF-\u03baB (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic> = 0.17, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> = .028) but did not alter CREB (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic> = 0.10, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> = .20), IRF (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic> = 0.13, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> = .086), or GR activity (<jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">d<\/jats:italic> = 0.14, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic> = .063) relative to HEP over time. Contrary to predictions, there were no time by condition effects of MBSR compared with HEP on reducing circulating IL-6 or CRP.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In lonely older adults, MBSR reduced cellular proinflammatory gene regulation in ways that would predict reduced disease risk. However, no similar effect was observed for circulating protein markers of inflammation. These results provide specificity about how mindfulness interventions may impact distinct inflammatory markers among aging adults in ways that may have important implications for healthspan.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Clinical Trials identifier NCT02888600.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1097\/psy.0000000000001264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T09:00:41Z","timestamp":1700470841000},"page":"463-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Reduces Proinflammatory Gene Regulation But Not Systemic Inflammation Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Emily K.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L.","family":"Marsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven W.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janine M.","family":"Dutcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol M.","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan G.C.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk Warren","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John David","family":"Creswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bib1-20250812","first-page":"709","article-title":"Aging: a common driver of chronic diseases and a target for novel interventions","volume":"159","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"bib3-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101146","article-title":"Behavioral and social research to accelerate the geroscience translation agenda","volume":"63","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"bib4-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13080","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13080","article-title":"Measuring biological aging in humans: a quest","volume":"19","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"bib5-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691614568352","article-title":"Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for mortality: a meta-analytic review","volume":"10","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"bib6-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0059-4","article-title":"Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases","volume":"14","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"bib7-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3488","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1813588116","article-title":"Mindfulness training reduces loneliness and increases social contact in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"116","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"bib8-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.07.006","article-title":"Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction training reduces loneliness and pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults: a small randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib9-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000675","article-title":"Mindfulness training and physical health: mechanisms and outcomes","volume":"81","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"bib10-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R189","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2007-8-9-r189","article-title":"Social regulation of gene expression in human leukocytes","volume":"8","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"bib11-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2019.01.008","article-title":"The conserved transcriptional response to adversity","volume":"28","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"bib12-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.02.002","article-title":"The association between loneliness, social isolation and inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"112","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"bib13-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.104421","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of loneliness and inflammation at older ages: English longitudinal study of ageing","volume":"110","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"bib14-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.04.007","article-title":"Loneliness in middle age and biomarkers of systemic inflammation: findings from Midlife in the United States","volume":"209","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"bib15-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copsyc.2019.06.004","article-title":"Mindfulness meditation and gene expression: a hypothesis-generating framework","volume":"28","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychol"},{"key":"bib16-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy.bph077","article-title":"Mindfulness: a proposed operational definition","volume":"11","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Sci Pract"},{"key":"bib17-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721414547415","article-title":"How does mindfulness training affect health? A mindfulness stress buffering account","volume":"23","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Dir Psychol Sci"},{"key":"bib18-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.09.015","article-title":"Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"87","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"bib19-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.04.003","article-title":"Smartphone mindfulness meditation training reduces pro-inflammatory gene expression in stressed adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"103","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib20-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004145","article-title":"Enhanced stress resilience training in surgeons: iterative adaptation and biopsychosocial effects in 2 small randomized trials","volume":"273","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"bib21-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29194","article-title":"Mindfulness meditation for younger breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"121","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"bib22-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12998","article-title":"Mindfulness meditation and the immune system: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"1373","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"bib23-20250812","article-title":"What is the molecular signature of mind-body interventions? A systematic review of gene expression changes induced by meditation and related practices","volume":"670","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bib24-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.12.027","article-title":"The embodied mind: a review on functional genomic and neurological correlates of mind-body therapies","volume":"73","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"bib25-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2021.100338","article-title":"Mindfulness interventions for offsetting health risk following early life stress: promising directions","volume":"17","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immunity Health"},{"key":"bib26-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100903","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100903","article-title":"The effects of mind-body therapies on the immune system: meta-analysis","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib27-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.01.008","article-title":"Alterations in resting state functional connectivity link mindfulness meditation with reduced interleukin-6: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"80","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"bib28-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0219120","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219120","article-title":"Mindfulness training and systemic low-grade inflammation in stressed community adults: evidence from two randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"bib29-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-0696-y","article-title":"Mindfulness improves inflammatory biomarker levels in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"bib30-20250812","first-page":"836","article-title":"A preliminary randomized controlled trial of a mindful eating intervention for post-menopausal obese women","volume":"9","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mind"},{"key":"bib31-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.10.009","article-title":"Workplace based mindfulness practice and inflammation: a randomized trial","volume":"27","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib32-20250812","first-page":"1","article-title":"Only vulnerable adults show change in chronic low-grade inflammation after contemplative mental training: evidence from a randomized clinical trial","volume":"9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"bib33-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.04.012","article-title":"Mindfulness based stress reduction provides psychological benefit and restores immune function of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: a randomized trial with active control","volume":"80","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib34-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1052","article-title":"Mindfulness and its efficacy for psychological and biological responses in women with breast cancer","volume":"6","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"bib35-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2004.11.007","article-title":"Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6","volume":"69","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"bib36-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533610385703","article-title":"Diet and inflammation","volume":"25","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"bib37-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.05.014","article-title":"Sleep disturbance, sleep duration, and inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and experimental sleep deprivation","volume":"80","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"bib38-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2003.09.005","article-title":"Stress and the aging immune system","volume":"18","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib39-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.05.001","article-title":"Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction increases stimulated IL-6 production among lonely older adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"104","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib40-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000928","article-title":"Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction buffers glucocorticoid resistance: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"bib41-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027504268574","article-title":"A short scale for measuring loneliness in large surveys","volume":"26","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res Aging"},{"key":"bib43-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.10.013","article-title":"A comparison of mindfulness-based stress reduction and an active control in modulation of neurogenic inflammation","volume":"27","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"bib45-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2011.10.011","article-title":"The validation of an active control intervention for Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)","volume":"50","year":"2012","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"bib46-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327752jpa6601_2","article-title":"UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure","volume":"66","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pers Assess"},{"key":"bib47-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti038","article-title":"Expression-based monitoring of transcription factor activity: the TELiS database","volume":"21","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"bib48-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1159\/000359956","article-title":"Tai Chi meditation effects on nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in lonely older adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom"},{"key":"bib49-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.01.010","article-title":"Cognitive behavioral therapy and tai chi reverse cellular and genomic markers of inflammation in late-life insomnia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"78","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"bib50-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2012.06.011","article-title":"Yogic meditation reverses NF-\u03baB and IRF-related transcriptome dynamics in leukocytes of family dementia caregivers in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"38","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"bib51-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-015-9709-3","article-title":"A randomized controlled pilot study of inflammatory gene expression in response to a stress management intervention for stem cell transplant caregivers","volume":"39","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"bib52-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.01.019","article-title":"Yoga reduces inflammatory signaling in fatigued breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"43","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"bib53-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105315569095","article-title":"A systematic review of the effects of mindfulness interventions on cortisol","volume":"21","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"key":"bib54-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072484","article-title":"Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on biomarkers and low-grade inflammation in patients with psychiatric disorders: a meta-analytic review","volume":"21","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"bib55-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21396","article-title":"Effects of a mindfulness-based weight loss intervention in adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"24","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"bib56-20250812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800418789777","article-title":"A large randomized trial: effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) for breast cancer (BC) survivors on salivary cortisol and IL-6","volume":"21","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Res Nurs"}],"container-title":["Psychosomatic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001264","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T23:03:07Z","timestamp":1755039787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/PSY.0000000000001264"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/psy.0000000000001264","relation":{},"ISSN":["1534-7796","0033-3174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1534-7796","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0033-3174","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]}}}