{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:10:50Z","timestamp":1777356650932,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":177,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"DOI":"10.1097\/ta.0b013e3181744b03","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T18:02:41Z","timestamp":1236276161000},"page":"1638-1650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":228,"title":["Advanced Trauma Life Support, 8th Edition, The Evidence for Change"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"John B.","family":"Kortbeek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Saud A.","family":"Al Turki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jameel","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jill A.","family":"Antoine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bertil","family":"Bouillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Brasel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Brenneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Brohi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Burris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Reginald A.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Will","family":"Chapleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wiliam","family":"Cioffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francisco De Salles","family":"Collet e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Art","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jaime A.","family":"Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vagn","family":"Eskesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John","family":"Fildes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Subash","family":"Gautam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Russell L.","family":"Gruen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Gross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K S.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Henny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Hollands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Richard C.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jose M.","family":"Jover Navalon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christoph R.","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Knudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Koestner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Kosir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Claus Falck","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"West","family":"Livaudais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fred","family":"Luchette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patrizio","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"John H.","family":"McVicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jay Wayne","family":"Meredith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Mock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Newton Djin","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Steven N.","family":"Parks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro Moniz","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Renato Sergio","family":"Pogetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Ravn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeffrey P.","family":"Salomone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Inger B.","family":"Schipper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Schoettker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R Stephen","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lars Bo","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wa\u2019el","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mary","family":"van Wijngaarden-Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Endre","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Voiglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daryl","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Winchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(99)70238-6","article-title":"ATLS: a foundation for trauma training.","volume":"34","author":"Bell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R3-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2004.021543","article-title":"The Advanced Trauma Life Support course: a history of its development and review of related literature.","volume":"81","author":"Carmont","year":"2005","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R4-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.14.2.81","article-title":"Improved trauma management with advanced trauma life support (ATLS) training.","volume":"14","author":"Williams","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Accid Emerg Med"},{"key":"R5-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.115898","article-title":"Influence of trauma system implementation on process of care delivered to seriously injured patients in rural trauma centers.","volume":"130","author":"Olson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"R6-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-7910-1","article-title":"History and development of evidence-based medicine.","volume":"29","author":"Claridge","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R7-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/00003643-199603000-00002","article-title":"Advanced trauma life support.","volume":"13","author":"Gwinnutt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"R8-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200408000-00016","article-title":"Interobserver agreement in the application of levels of evidence to scientific papers in the American volume of the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.","volume":"86A","author":"Bhandari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R9-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200605000-00036","article-title":"Revised grades of recommendation for summaries or reviews of orthopaedic surgical studies.","volume":"88","author":"Wright","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R10-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200509000-00001","article-title":"Grades of recommendation.","volume":"87","author":"Wright","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R11-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B9.18389","article-title":"Levels of evidence.","volume":"88","author":"Wright","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R12-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200301000-00001","article-title":"Introducing levels of evidence to the journal.","volume":"85A","author":"Wright","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R13-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000198375.83830.62","article-title":"Reasons to omit digital rectal exam in trauma patients: no fingers, no rectum, no useful additional information.","volume":"59","author":"Esposito","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R14-41-20210211","first-page":"518","article-title":"Prehospital determination of tracheal tube placement in severe head injury.","volume":"21","author":"Grmec","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R15-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2004.09.014","article-title":"The effectiveness of out-of-hospital use of continuous end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring on the rate of unrecognized misplaced intubation within a regional emergency medical services system.","volume":"45","author":"Silvestri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R16-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1993.tb06909.x","article-title":"A comparison of the laryngeal mask airway and Guedel airway, bag and facemask for manual ventilation following formal training.","volume":"48","author":"Alexander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R17-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03012147","article-title":"The unanticipated difficult airway with recommendations for management.","volume":"45","author":"Crosby","year":"1998","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R18-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92429-L","article-title":"Laryngeal mask airway and tracheal tube insertion by unskilled personnel.","volume":"336","author":"Davies","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R19-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.18.2.90","article-title":"Emergency airway management by non-anaesthesia house officers\u2013a comparison of three strategies.","volume":"18","author":"Dorges","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R20-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199804000-00017","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing the cuffed oropharyngeal airway and the laryngeal mask airway in spontaneously breathing anesthetized adults.","volume":"88","author":"Greenberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"R21-41-20210211","first-page":"CD003314","article-title":"Laryngeal mask airway versus bag-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation.","author":"Grein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R22-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.1999.01107.x","article-title":"Complications following the use of the Combitube, tracheal tube and laryngeal mask airway.","volume":"54","author":"Oczenski","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R23-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(93)90020-F","article-title":"Role of the laryngeal mask airway in the immobile cervical spine.","volume":"5","author":"Pennant","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"R24-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1097\/00001503-200104000-00012","article-title":"New equipment and techniques for airway management in trauma [in process citation].","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"R25-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei269","article-title":"The laryngeal tube.","volume":"95","author":"Asai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R26-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000189101.26403.06","article-title":"An evaluation of the insertion and function of a new supraglottic airway device, the King LT, during spontaneous ventilation.","volume":"102","author":"Hagberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5 Suppl 1","key":"R27-41-20210211","first-page":"S22","article-title":"An out-of-hospital comparison of the King LT to endotracheal intubation and the esophageal-tracheal combitube in a simulated difficult airway patient encounter [in process citation].","volume":"14","author":"Russi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"R28-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0704(05)70118-4","article-title":"Airway management and direct laryngoscopy. A review and update.","volume":"16","author":"Levitan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"key":"R30-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1988.tb06625.x","article-title":"Successful difficult intubation. Use of the gum elastic bougie.","volume":"43","author":"Kidd","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R31-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03018715","article-title":"The gum elastic bougie eases tracheal intubation while applying cricoid pressure compared to a stylet.","volume":"50","author":"Noguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R32-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1992.tb03154.x","article-title":"An evaluation of the gum elastic bougie. Intubation times and incidence of sore throat.","volume":"47","author":"Nolan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R33-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1990.tb14454.x","article-title":"Successful difficult intubation. Tracheal tube placement over a gum-elastic bougie.","volume":"45","author":"Dogra","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R34-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03018492","article-title":"Emergency gum elastic bougie-assisted tracheal intubation in four patients with upper airway distortion.","volume":"51","author":"Combes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"R35-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2002.02411.x","article-title":"Survey of the use of the gum elastic bougie in clinical practice.","volume":"57","author":"Latto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R36-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2000.01362.x","article-title":"Difficult airway equipment in English emergency departments.","volume":"55","author":"Morton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R37-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(96)70173-7","article-title":"A flexible solution for emergency intubation difficulties.","volume":"27","author":"Nocera","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R38-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2004.07.017","article-title":"Use of the endotracheal bougie introducer for difficult intubations.","volume":"22","author":"Phelan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"R39-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07133.x","article-title":"Orotracheal intubation in patients with potential cervical spine injuries. An indication for the gum elastic bougie.","volume":"48","author":"Nolan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R40-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2004.12.005","article-title":"Use of gum elastic bougie for prehospital difficult intubation.","volume":"23","author":"Jabre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"R41-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2003.008771","article-title":"Can an airway assessment score predict difficulty at intubation in the emergency department?","volume":"22","author":"Reed","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R42-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mej.0000127645.46457.b9","article-title":"Is the \u2018LEMON\u2019 method an easily applied emergency airway assessment tool?","volume":"11","author":"Reed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"key":"R43-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/145749690609500302","article-title":"An update on fluid resuscitation.","volume":"95","author":"Alam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"key":"R44-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2006.09.015","article-title":"New developments in fluid resuscitation.","volume":"87","author":"Alam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"R45-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2002.125443","article-title":"Evidence-based emergency medicine. Hypertonic versus isotonic crystalloid for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.","volume":"40","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R46-41-20210211","first-page":"CD002045","article-title":"Hypertonic versus near isotonic crystalloid for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.","author":"Bunn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R47-41-20210211","first-page":"451","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation in pre-hospital trauma care: a consensus view.","volume":"47","author":"Greaves","year":"2002","journal-title":"J R Coll Surg Edinb"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"R48-41-20210211","first-page":"S31","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation: the target from an analysis of trauma systems and patient survival.","volume":"54","author":"Hoyt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"R49-41-20210211","first-page":"S39","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation strategies in the Israeli army.","volume":"54","author":"Krausz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R50-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2005.03.015","article-title":"Fluid resuscitation of trauma patients: how fast is the optimal rate?","volume":"23","author":"Mizushima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"R51-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200206000-00020","article-title":"Hypotensive resuscitation during active hemorrhage: impact on in-hospital mortality.","volume":"52","author":"Dutton","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"R52-41-20210211","first-page":"S63","article-title":"Endpoints for fluid resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock.","volume":"54","author":"Revell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R53-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410273311701","article-title":"Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries.","volume":"331","author":"Bickell","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R54-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000123037.66867.F2","article-title":"Blunt splenic injuries: high nonoperative management rate can be achieved with selective embolization.","volume":"56","author":"Dent","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R55-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B2.0840178","article-title":"The role of angiography in the management of haemorrhage from major fractures of the pelvis.","volume":"84","author":"Cook","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R58-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000223466.62589.d9","article-title":"Nonoperative management of splenic injuries: improved results with angioembolization.","volume":"61","author":"Gaarder","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R59-41-20210211","first-page":"746","article-title":"Arterial embolization in the treatment of severe blunt hepatic trauma.","volume":"50","author":"Greco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"R60-41-20210211","first-page":"1161","article-title":"Admission angiography for blunt splenic injury: advantages and pitfalls.","volume":"51","author":"Haan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R61-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.167.1.8659363","article-title":"Nonsurgical management of patients with blunt splenic injury: efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization.","volume":"167","author":"Hagiwara","year":"1996","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R62-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2004.06.001","article-title":"The role of pelvic angiography in evaluation and management of pelvic trauma.","volume":"35","author":"Hak","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"R63-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(05)70082-7","article-title":"Nonoperative management of solid organ injuries. Past, present, and future.","volume":"79","author":"Knudson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"R64-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199608000-00009","article-title":"Angiographic findings in pelvic fractures.","volume":"329","author":"O\u2019Neill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"R65-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-005-0821-7","article-title":"Control of severe hemorrhage using C-clamp and arterial embolization in hemodynamically unstable patients with pelvic ring disruption.","volume":"125","author":"Sadri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"R66-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000152080.97337.1F","article-title":"The role of repeat angiography in the management of pelvic fractures.","volume":"58","author":"Shapiro","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R69-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2004.06.026","article-title":"Blunt splenic injury: operation versus angiographic embolization.","volume":"136","author":"Wahl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"R70-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199806000-00022","article-title":"One hundred five penetrating cardiac injuries: a 2-year prospective evaluation.","volume":"44","author":"Asensio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R71-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(97)00144-0","article-title":"Penetrating cardiac injuries: a prospective study of variables predicting outcomes.","volume":"186","author":"Asensio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R72-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03215862","article-title":"Penetrating chest wounds: 24 years experience.","volume":"25","author":"Mandal","year":"2001","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R73-41-20210211","first-page":"97","article-title":"Exigent postinjury thoracotomy analysis of blunt versus penetrating trauma.","volume":"175","author":"Mansour","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"R76-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8891","article-title":"Penetrating thoracic injuries: what we have learnt.","volume":"48","author":"Von","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"R78-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.02.014","article-title":"Discordance between lactate and base deficit in the surgical intensive care unit: which one do you trust?","volume":"191","author":"Martin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R79-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000125517.28517.74","article-title":"Initial pH, base deficit, lactate, anion gap, strong ion difference, and strong ion gap predict outcome from major vascular injury.","volume":"32","author":"Kaplan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R80-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199801000-00014","article-title":"Base deficit is superior to pH in evaluating clearance of acidosis after traumatic shock.","volume":"44","author":"Davis","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R81-41-20210211","first-page":"571","article-title":"Admission base deficit predicts transfusion requirements and risk of complications.","volume":"42","author":"Davis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R84-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.08.033","article-title":"Incidence and management of occult hemothoraces.","volume":"192","author":"Stafford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R85-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.04.004","article-title":"Is emergency department resuscitative thoracotomy futile care for the critically injured patient requiring prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation?","volume":"199","author":"Powell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R86-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(99)00233-1","article-title":"Survival after emergency department thoracotomy: review of published data from the past 25 years.","volume":"190","author":"Rhee","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R87-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(02)01668-X","article-title":"Guidelines for withholding or termination of resuscitation in prehospital traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest.","volume":"196","author":"Hopson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R88-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.014","article-title":"Emergency thoracotomy in thoracic trauma-a review.","volume":"37","author":"Hunt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R89-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.03.015","article-title":"Traumatic cardiac arrest: who are the survivors?","volume":"48","author":"Lockey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R90-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120390937274","article-title":"Guidelines for withholding or termination of resuscitation in prehospital traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest: a joint position paper from the National Association of EMS Physicians Standards and Clinical Practice Committee and the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma.","volume":"7","author":"Hopson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"R91-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.06.125","article-title":"Resuscitative emergency thoracotomy in a Scandinavian trauma hospital\u2014is it justified?","volume":"38","author":"Soreide","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R92-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480607200107","article-title":"Management options in blunt aortic injury: a case series and literature review.","volume":"72","author":"Simeone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"R93-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.10.030","article-title":"The effect of changing presentation and management on the outcome of blunt rupture of the thoracic aorta.","volume":"131","author":"Cook","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"R94-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000206418.53137.34","article-title":"Suicide bombing attacks: can external signs predict internal injuries?","volume":"243","author":"Almogy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"R95-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.169.3.187","article-title":"Injury patterns in peacekeeping missions: the Kosovo experience.","volume":"169","author":"Appenzeller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"R96-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2006.09.008","article-title":"Lessons learned from modern military surgery.","volume":"87","author":"Beekley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"R97-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1177\/145749690509400406","article-title":"Blast trauma: the fourth weapon of mass destruction.","volume":"94","author":"Born","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand J Surg"},{"key":"R98-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra042083","article-title":"Blast injuries.","volume":"352","author":"DePalma","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R99-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2006.09.013","article-title":"The radiological management of bomb blast injury.","volume":"62","author":"Hare","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"R100-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.09.003","article-title":"The special injury pattern in terrorist bombings.","volume":"199","author":"Kluger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R101-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-006-0534-4","article-title":"Blast injuries from Madrid terrorist bombing attacks on March 11, 2004.","volume":"13","author":"Marti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"R103-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2005.11.011","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in close proximity blast injuries during Operation Iraqi Freedom.","volume":"202","author":"Nelson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R104-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(03)00102-5","article-title":"Injuries to the colon from blast effect of penetrating extra-peritoneal thoraco-abdominal trauma.","volume":"35","author":"Sharma","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R105-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.114906","article-title":"Explosions and blast injuries.","volume":"37","author":"Wightman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R106-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689910087","article-title":"Angiographic embolization for intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal injuries.","volume":"24","author":"Velmahos","year":"2000","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"R107-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.05.001","article-title":"Contemporary management of pelvic fractures.","volume":"192","author":"Durkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"R108-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.09.007","article-title":"Review of the pathophysiology and acute management of haemorrhage in pelvic fracture.","volume":"37","author":"Dyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R109-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.03.003","article-title":"Damage control orthopaedics in unstable pelvic ring injuries.","volume":"35","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R110-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.05.029","article-title":"Open pelvic fractures: epidemiology, current concepts of management and outcome.","volume":"36","author":"Grotz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R111-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2004.03074.x","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of haemodynamically unstable pelvic fracture patients.","volume":"74","author":"Heetveld","year":"2004","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"R112-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-004-7357-9","article-title":"Hemodynamically unstable pelvic fractures: recent care and new guidelines.","volume":"28","author":"Heetveld","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R113-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(99)90004-9","article-title":"Unstable pelvic ring disruptions in unstable patients.","volume":"30","author":"Kregor","year":"1999","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R114-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2006.041384","article-title":"The prehospital management of pelvic fractures.","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R115-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2004.06.002","article-title":"Pelvic fracture patterns and their corresponding angiographic sources of hemorrhage.","volume":"35","author":"Metz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"R116-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0704(03)00096-4","article-title":"Initial management of pelvic and femoral fractures in the multiply injured patient.","volume":"20","author":"Mirza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"key":"R117-41-20210211","first-page":"49","article-title":"Emergent management of pelvic ring injuries: an update.","volume":"48","author":"Mohanty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Surg"},{"key":"R118-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.73.873.11064646","article-title":"The value of plain radiographs in the prediction of outcome in pelvic fractures treated with embolisation therapy.","volume":"73","author":"Niwa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"R119-41-20210211","first-page":"78","article-title":"Pelvic ring injuries: a challenge for the trauma surgeon.","volume":"96","author":"Rommens","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta Chir Belg"},{"key":"R121-41-20210211","first-page":"426","article-title":"Evaluation of the impact of the Canadian CT head rule on British practice.","volume":"21","author":"Boyle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R122-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2006.04.008","article-title":"Clinical features of head injury patients presenting with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 and who require neurosurgical intervention.","volume":"48","author":"Clement","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R123-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.12.1519","article-title":"External validation of the Canadian CT head rule and the New Orleans criteria for CT scanning in patients with minor head injury.","volume":"294","author":"Smits","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R124-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.116795","article-title":"Canadian CT head rule study for patients with minor head injury: methodology for phase II (validation and economic analysis).","volume":"38","author":"Stiell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R125-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.12.1511","article-title":"Comparison of the Canadian CT head rule and the New Orleans criteria in patients with minor head injury.","volume":"294","author":"Stiell","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R126-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04561-X","article-title":"The Canadian CT head rule for patients with minor head injury.","volume":"357","author":"Stiell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R127-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.116796","article-title":"The Canadian CT Head Rule Study for patients with minor head injury: rationale, objectives, and methodology for phase I (derivation).","volume":"38","author":"Stiell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R128-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.2003.011353","article-title":"Application of the Canadian CT head rules in managing minor head injuries in a UK emergency department: implications for the implementation of the NICE guidelines.","volume":"21","author":"Sultan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"R132-41-20210211","first-page":"S3","article-title":"Part 1: Guidelines for the management of penetrating brain injury. Introduction and methodology.","volume":"51","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"R133-41-20210211","first-page":"S16","article-title":"Surgical management of penetrating brain injury.","volume":"51","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"R134-41-20210211","first-page":"S7","article-title":"Neuroimaging in the management of penetrating brain injury.","volume":"51","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R136-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2006.04.005","article-title":"Cervical spine fracture patterns mandating screening to rule out blunt cerebrovascular injury.","volume":"141","author":"Cothren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"R137-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000092700.92587.32","article-title":"Cervical spine fracture patterns predictive of blunt vertebral artery injury.","volume":"55","author":"Cothren","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"24 Suppl","key":"R141-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200112151-00009","article-title":"The role of steroids in acute spinal cord injury: an evidence-based analysis.","volume":"26","author":"Hurlbert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R143-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199812000-00021","article-title":"Steroids and spinal cord injury: revisiting the NASCIS 2 and NASCIS 3 trials.","volume":"45","author":"Nesathurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R144-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200112000-00013","article-title":"Is the role of steroids in acute spinal cord injury now resolved?","volume":"14","author":"Short","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"R145-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100986","article-title":"High dose methylprednisolone in the management of acute spinal cord injury\u2014a systematic review from a clinical perspective.","volume":"38","author":"Short","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"R146-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-200006000-00001","article-title":"A critical appraisal of the reporting of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Studies (II and III) of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury.","volume":"13","author":"Coleman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord"},{"key":"R147-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1602\/neurorx.1.1.80","article-title":"Neuroprotection and acute spinal cord injury: a reappraisal.","volume":"1","author":"Hall","year":"2004","journal-title":"NeuroRx"},{"key":"R148-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100001992","article-title":"High-dose methylprednisolone for acute closed spinal cord injury\u2014only a treatment option.","volume":"29","author":"Hugenholtz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"R149-41-20210211","first-page":"1","article-title":"Methylprednisolone for acute spinal cord injury: an inappropriate standard of care.","volume":"93","author":"Hurlbert","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R150-41-20210211","first-page":"1887","article-title":"[Methylprednisolone in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury has become more and more questioned.]","volume":"102","author":"Kronvall","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"R151-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2005.11.001","article-title":"Methylprednisolone treatment in acute spinal cord injury: the myth challenged through a structured analysis of published literature.","volume":"6","author":"Sayer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"R152-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020000257","article-title":"Radiographic evaluation of cervical spine trauma. Plain radiography and conventional tomography versus computed tomography.","volume":"121","author":"Bach","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"R154-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.01.018","article-title":"Imaging for evaluation of suspected cervical spine trauma: a 2-year analysis.","volume":"37","author":"Daffner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R155-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000188632.79060.ba","article-title":"The inefficiency of plain radiography to evaluate the cervical spine after blunt trauma.","volume":"59","author":"Gale","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R157-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.10.019","article-title":"Cervical spine evaluation in urban trauma centers: lowering institutional costs and complications through helical CT scan.","volume":"200","author":"Grogan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R158-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000162138.36519.2A","article-title":"Computed tomography versus plain radiography to screen for cervical spine injury: a meta-analysis.","volume":"58","author":"Holmes","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R159-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2001.115946","article-title":"Use of plain radiography to screen for cervical spine injuries.","volume":"38","author":"Mower","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"R160-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000171449.94650.81","article-title":"Cervical spine clearance in blunt trauma: evaluation of a computed tomography-based protocol.","volume":"59","author":"Sanchez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R162-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000130758.71098.78","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of computed tomographic scanning for the spinal clearance of obtunded trauma patients: preliminary results.","volume":"56","author":"Widder","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R163-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000166524.88394.b3","article-title":"A blinded assessment of radiographic criteria for atlanto-occipital dislocation.","volume":"30","author":"Dziurzynski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R164-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.162.4.8141013","article-title":"Radiologic diagnosis of traumatic occipitovertebral dissociation. Part 2: Comparison of three methods of detecting occipitovertebral relationships on lateral radiographs of supine subjects.","volume":"162","author":"Harris","year":"1994","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R165-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2006.02.034","article-title":"A balanced approach to tourniquet use: lessons learned and relearned.","volume":"203","author":"Welling","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R166-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120500255123","article-title":"Effectiveness of self-applied tourniquets in human volunteers.","volume":"9","author":"Walters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"R167-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000215429.94483.a7","article-title":"Evaluation of possible tourniquet systems for use in the Canadian Forces.","volume":"60","author":"King","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R168-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.170.9.770","article-title":"Issues related to the use of tourniquets on the battlefield.","volume":"170","author":"Walters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"R169-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.171.5.352","article-title":"Tourniquet use on the battlefield.","volume":"171","author":"Mabry","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"R170-41-20210211","first-page":"S221","article-title":"Tourniquets for hemorrhage control on the battlefield: a 4-year accumulated experience.","volume":"54","author":"Lakstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"12 Suppl","key":"R171-41-20210211","first-page":"8","article-title":"Treating traumatic bleeding in a combat setting.","volume":"169","author":"Clifford","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"R172-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200209000-00006","article-title":"The clinical diagnosis of compartment syndrome of the lower leg: are clinical findings predictive of the disorder?","volume":"16","author":"Ulmer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R173-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200511000-00003","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome in lower extremity musculoskeletal trauma.","volume":"13","author":"Olson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"R174-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2004.04.009","article-title":"Acute compartment syndrome of the limb.","volume":"35","author":"Kostler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R175-41-20210211","first-page":"37","article-title":"Investigations of crashes involving pregnant occupants.","volume":"44","author":"Klinich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med"},{"key":"R177-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2004.09.016","article-title":"Profile of mothers at risk: an analysis of injury and pregnancy loss in 1,195 trauma patients.","volume":"200","author":"Ikossi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"R178-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(03)00038-5","article-title":"Trauma in pregnancy.","volume":"21","author":"Shah","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"10 Suppl","key":"R179-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S385","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000182808.99433.55","article-title":"Trauma in pregnancy.","volume":"33","author":"Mattox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R180-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000209599.76059.06","article-title":"Uterine trauma in pregnancy after motor vehicle crashes with airbag deployment: a 30-case series.","volume":"61","author":"Metz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R181-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199301000-00021","article-title":"A retrospective cohort study of seatbelt use and pregnancy outcome after a motor vehicle crash.","volume":"34","author":"Wolf","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R182-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199709000-00019","article-title":"Pediatric polytrauma: short-term and long-term outcomes.","volume":"43","author":"van der Sluis","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R183-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.02.030","article-title":"Pediatric splenic injuries with a contrast blush: successful nonoperative management without angiography and embolization.","volume":"39","author":"Cloutier","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R184-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-6757(00)90113-X","article-title":"ED evaluation of the pediatric trauma patient by ultrasonography.","volume":"18","author":"Corbett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"R185-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2000.tb02232.x","article-title":"Isolated intraperitoneal fluid on abdominal computed tomography in children with blunt trauma.","volume":"7","author":"Holmes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"R186-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1097\/00006565-200010000-00021","article-title":"Serial bedside emergency ultrasound in a case of pediatric blunt abdominal trauma with severe abdominal pain.","volume":"16","author":"Pershad","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"R187-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.24719","article-title":"Emergency department ultrasonography in the evaluation of hypotensive and normotensive children with blunt abdominal trauma.","volume":"36","author":"Holmes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R188-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.26377","article-title":"Minimal pelvic fluid in blunt abdominal trauma in children: the significance of this sonographic finding.","volume":"36","author":"Rathaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R189-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.10232","article-title":"Experience with focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST) in 313 pediatric patients.","volume":"32","author":"Soudack","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"R190-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2001.22283","article-title":"Absent peritoneal fluid on screening trauma ultrasonography in children: a prospective comparison with computed tomography.","volume":"36","author":"Emery","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"R191-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.02.026","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of surgeon performed focused abdominal sonography (FAST) in blunt paediatric trauma.","volume":"36","author":"Soundappan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R193-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.02.029","article-title":"Incidence and clinical significance of abdominal wall bruising in restrained children involved in motor vehicle crashes.","volume":"39","author":"Lutz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"R194-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S107","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000151072.17826.72","article-title":"Casualties treated at the closest hospital in the Madrid, March 11, terrorist bombings.","volume":"33","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R195-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp058179","article-title":"The London attacks\u2014a chronicle: improvising in an emergency.","volume":"353","author":"Holden","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R197-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000084515.74480.BA","article-title":"Terrorism: a public health threat with a trauma system response.","volume":"55","author":"Jacobs","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"R198-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra030370","article-title":"Acute chemical emergencies.","volume":"350","author":"Kales","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R199-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra000365","article-title":"Major radiation exposure\u2014what to expect and how to respond.","volume":"346","author":"Mettler","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R200-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000196111.16261.ed","article-title":"Emergency response guidance for the first 48 hours after the outdoor detonation of an explosive radiological dispersal device.","volume":"90","author":"Musolino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"R201-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1097\/00075198-200212000-00021","article-title":"Disaster preparation and management for the intensive care unit.","volume":"8","author":"Roccaforte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"R202-41-20210211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra054329","article-title":"Management of crush-related injuries after disasters.","volume":"354","author":"Sever","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R203-41-20210211","article-title":"Disaster Management and Emergency Preparedness Course Student Manual.","year":"2007"},{"key":"R204-41-20210211","article-title":"Advanced, Basic, Core, and Decontamination Life Support Provider Manuals.","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181744b03","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T07:01:24Z","timestamp":1620975684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00005373-200806000-00041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"references-count":177,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ta.0b013e3181744b03","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]}}}