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Here we examine potential costs of behavioural fever by holding adult, gregarious desert locusts at elevated temperatures simulating a range of fever intensities. We found no effect of fever temperatures on primary fitness correlates of survival and fecundity. However, flight capacity and mate competition were reduced, although there was no relation between time spent at fever temperatures and magnitude of the response. While these effects could indicate a direct cost of fever, they are also consistent with a shift towards the<jats:italic>solitaria<\/jats:italic>phase state that, in a field context, could be considered an adaptive life-history response to limit the impact of disease. These conflicting interpretations highlight the importance of considering complex defence mechanisms and trade-offs in an appropriate ecological context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2004.0279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,11]],"date-time":"2005-05-11T18:42:55Z","timestamp":1115836975000},"page":"181-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Impacts of fever on locust life-history traits: costs or benefits?"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Sam L","family":"Elliot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK"},{"name":"School of Environment, University of Gloucestershire, Francis Close Hall, Swindon Road, Cheltenham, Glocs GL50 4AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte M","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Blanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY, UK"},{"name":"Department of Agricultural Sciences, Imperial College London, Wye Campus, Wye, Ashford, Kent TN25 5AH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(1999)080[1713:IRTHIW]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1461-0248.2002.00325.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2002.970307.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(94)00076-S"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Fever in mammals: is it beneficial?","volume":"59","author":"Banet M","year":"1986","journal-title":"Yale J. 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