{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T06:23:54Z","timestamp":1789885434960,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]],"date-time":"2008-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1202169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biol. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The strength of selection to increase the span of a life stage is dependent upon individuals at that stage being able to contribute towards individual fitness and the probability of their surviving to that stage. Complete reproductive cessation and a long post-reproductive female lifespan as found in humans are also found in killer whale (\n            <jats:italic>Orcinus orca<\/jats:italic>\n            ) and short-finned pilot whale (\n            <jats:italic>Globicephala macrorhynchus<\/jats:italic>\n            ), but not in the long-finned pilot whale (\n            <jats:italic>Globicephala melaena<\/jats:italic>\n            ). Each species forms kin-based, stable matrilineal groups and exhibits kin-directed behaviours that could increase inclusive fitness. Here, the initial mortality rate and mortality rate-doubling time of females of these three closely related whale species are compared. The initial mortality rate shows little variation among pilot whale species; however mortality rate accelerates almost twice as fast in the long-finned pilot whale as it does in killer whale and short-finned pilot whale. Selection for a long post-reproductive female lifespan in matrilineal whales may therefore be determined by the proportion of females surviving past the point of reproductive cessation.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2008.0006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]],"date-time":"2008-02-06T01:02:57Z","timestamp":1202259777000},"page":"189-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Mortality rate acceleration and post-reproductive lifespan in matrilineal whale species"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Andrew D","family":"Foote","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lighthouse Field Station, School of Biological Sciences, University of AberdeenGeorge Street, Cromarty IV11 8YJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8480176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Social organization and genealogy of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State","volume":"12","author":"Bigg M.A","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Age and growth parameters of the long-finned pilot whale off the Faroe Islands","volume":"14","author":"Bloch D","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charlesworth B. 1994 Evolution in age-structured populations. 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press:Cambridge UK.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511525711"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z06-188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/meps316185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1825.0026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5193(66)90184-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","unstructured":"Heimlich-Boran J. R. 1993 Social organization of the short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus with special reference to the social ecology of delphinids. PhD thesis Cambridge University Cambridge."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00166401"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","first-page":"259","article-title":"Life history and reproductive biology of the short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus, off the Pacific Coast Japan","volume":"6","author":"Kasuya T","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/270301a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02367"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1530303100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"Ovarian changes in the short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus","volume":"6","author":"Marsh H","year":"1984","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Evidence for reproductive senescence in female cetaceans","volume":"8","author":"Marsh H","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","first-page":"281","volume-title":"Dolphin societies","author":"Marsh H","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","first-page":"263","article-title":"Reproductive parameters of female long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas) around the Faroe Islands","volume":"14","author":"Martin A.R","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rep. Int. Whaling Comm"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2005.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Life history and population dynamics of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State","volume":"12","author":"Olesiuk P.F","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rep. Int. 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