{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T07:49:23Z","timestamp":1780991363026,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,1]],"date-time":"2018-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522540800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biol. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Australia's iconic emu (<jats:italic>Dromaius novaehollandiae novaehollandiae<\/jats:italic>) is the only living representative of its genus, but fossil evidence and reports from early European explorers suggest that three island forms (at least two of which were dwarfs) became extinct during the nineteenth century. While one of these\u2014the King Island emu\u2014has been found to be conspecific with Australian mainland emus, little is known about how the other two forms\u2014Kangaroo Island and Tasmanian emus\u2014relate to the others, or even the size of Tasmanian emus. We present a comprehensive genetic and morphological analysis of<jats:italic>Dromaius<\/jats:italic>diversity, including data from one of the few definitively genuine Tasmanian emu specimens known. Our genetic analyses suggest that all the island populations represent sub-populations of mainland<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>novaehollandiae<\/jats:italic>. Further, the size of island emus and those on the mainland appears to scale linearly with island size but not time since isolation, suggesting that island size\u2014and presumably concomitant limitations on resource availability\u2014may be a more important driver of dwarfism in island emus, though its precise contribution to emu dwarfism remains to be confirmed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2017.0617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,4]],"date-time":"2018-04-04T07:35:15Z","timestamp":1522827315000},"page":"20170617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Genetic diversity and drivers of dwarfism in extinct island emu populations"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8368-9664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicki A.","family":"Thomson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3921-0262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kieren J.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolan","family":"Eberhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Values Conservation Branch, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Dortch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Rock Art Research and Management, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4244-2942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy J.","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Sciences Department, Museum Victoria, Carlton Gardens, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1749-4877.12050"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","volume-title":"The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world","author":"Dickinson EC","year":"2014","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/MU925212c"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1071\/MU923221","article-title":"Notes on the Tasmanian emu","author":"Dove S","year":"1924","journal-title":"Emu"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/MU925290"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","first-page":"212","article-title":"Description of Dromaius ater","volume":"11","author":"Vieillot LJP","year":"1817","journal-title":"Nouv. 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