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Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The acquisition of a long and slender snout (longirostry) resulted in extremely similar morphology across crocodylians and, therefore, raised a conflict between morphological and molecular phylogenetic hypotheses involving the longirostrine living gharials,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Gavialis gangeticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Tomistoma schlegelii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This discrepancy is not only topological but also concerns divergence time estimates for the crown clade Gavialidae, especially due to the inclusion of other longirostrine forms, ancient \u2018thoracosaurs\u2019\u2014which introduces significant chronostratigraphic inconsistencies. To contribute to reconciling these contrasting lines of evidence, exceptionally preserved fossils of a new Miocene gavialid from Peru were included in a total-evidence Bayesian analysis. Our analysis integrates morphological, molecular and chronostratigraphic data and incorporates most taxa of the largest adaptive radiation of gavialids, which occurred in the Cenozoic of South America and the Caribbean (SAC). Our results demonstrate that including SAC taxa substantially increase divergence estimates for Gavialidae, surpassing those inferred from molecular data alone. The exceptional preservation of the new Peruvian fossils enabled character re-evaluation for gavialids and \u2018thoracosaurs\u2019, the latter recovered even outside Crocodylia and suggesting that longirostry resulted from independent evolution. These findings underscore the crucial role of SAC gavialids in understanding the morphological trajectory and phylogenetics of longirostrine crocodylians.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2025.0238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T12:48:06Z","timestamp":1754484486000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exceptional fossils from Peru and an integrative phylogeny reconcile the evolutionary timing and mode of\n                    <i>Gavialis<\/i>\n                    and its kin"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1709-6737","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Camila","family":"Zamora-Vega","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00eda\/Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral y Sostenible, Laboratorios de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]},{"name":"Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural,, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9947-3868","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro E.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1898-9051","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mario","family":"Urbina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural,, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8178-7316","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthieu","family":"Carr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00eda\/Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral y Sostenible, Laboratorios de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]},{"name":"IPSL\/Laboratoire d\u2019Oc\u00e9anographie et du Climat: Exp\u00e9rimentations et Approches Num\u00e9riques, CNRS-IRD-MNHN-Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","place":["Paris, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6242-4202","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diana","family":"Ochoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00eda\/Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral y Sostenible, Laboratorios de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]},{"name":"Departamento de Geolog\u00eda, Universidad de Salamanca","place":["Salamanca, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9990-8841","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Salas-Gismondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias e Ingenier\u00eda\/Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral y Sostenible, Laboratorios de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]},{"name":"Departamento de Paleontolog\u00eda de Vertebrados, Museo de Historia Natural,, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","place":["Lima, Per\u00fa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.12237"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syt110"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4921"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2014.1278"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syz015"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Second bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America","volume":"390","author":"Hay OP","year":"1930","unstructured":"Hay OP. 1930 Second bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. 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