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Hydrothermal vents also occasionally occur within the photic zone, but the prevalence of photosynthesis within these settings is considered to override the development of chemosymbiotic interactions; animal\u2013microbial associations such as those observed at deep-sea vents have rarely been recorded at shallow vents. During 2019 sampling of the Str\u00fdtan hydrothermal vent site, Eyjafj\u00f6r\u00f0ur, Iceland (16\u201370 m depth), amphipods in the genus Ischyrocerus were opportunistically collected from near the top of the tallest vent chimney. A subset of these were found to have microbial mats specifically colonizing their antennae, with prevalent bacteria in these mats demonstrating genetic similarity to deep-sea hydrothermal vent bacteria, including ectosymbionts of vent-endemic crustaceans. These findings demonstrate the importance of vent productivity to the development of unique associations between animals and putatively chemosynthetic bacteria even in environments where photosynthesis dominates, highlighting a pathway through which more intimate vent symbioses may arise, as well as the influence of vent environments in animal evolution throughout ocean depths.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2026.0111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:06:31Z","timestamp":1790121991000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Amphipods associate with epibiotic filamentous bacteria at a shallow-water hydrothermal vent"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1129-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena N.","family":"Georgieva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tree of Life, Wellcome Sanger Institute 1 , Hinxton, UK"},{"name":"Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucile","family":"Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ. 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D.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Elies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateforme d'Imagerie et de Mesures en Microscopie, Universit\u00e9 de Bretagne Occidentale 7 , Brest, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1842-7515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorundur","family":"Svavarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland 8 , Reykjav\u00edk, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erlendur","family":"Bogason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Str\u00fdtan DiveCenter 9 , Hjalteyri, Akureyri, Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9489-074X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian G.","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum 2 , London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092811070690200_RSBL20260111C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-051021-123130","article-title":"Life in the dark: phylogenetic and physiological diversity of chemosynthetic symbioses","volume":"75","author":"Sogin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. 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