{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:56:42Z","timestamp":1787068602097,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000052","name":"NIH Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32ODO011000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32ODO011000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Schwartz Research Fund for Women in the Life Sciences"},{"name":"International Center for Food Industry Excellence at Texas Tech University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interface Focus."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Listeriosis is a clinically severe foodborne disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Lm). However, approximately 45% of Lm isolates in food carry a virulence-attenuating single-nucleotide polymorphism in\n                    <jats:italic>inlA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which normally facilitates crossing the intestinal barrier during the initial stages of infection. We hypothesized that (i) natural exposure to virulence-attenuated (vA) Lm strains through food can confer protective immunity against listeriosis attributable to fully virulent (fV) strains and (ii) current food safety measures to minimize exposure to both Lm strains may have adverse population-level outcomes. To test these hypotheses, we evaluated the host response to Lm in a mouse infection model and through mathematical modelling in a human population. After oral immunization with a murinized vA Lm strain, we demonstrated the elicitation of a CD8+ T-cell response and protection against subsequent challenge with an fV strain. A two-strain compartmental mathematical model of human exposure to Lm with cross-protective immunity was also developed. If food safety testing strategies preferentially identify and remove food contaminated by vA strains (potentially due to their common occurrence in foods and higher concentration in food compared to fV strains), the model predicted minimal public health benefit to potentially adverse effects. For example, reducing vA exposures by half, while maintaining fV exposures results in an approximately 6% rise in annual incidence.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T04:40:49Z","timestamp":1576212049000},"page":"20190046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Public health impact of foodborne exposure to naturally occurring virulence-attenuated\n                    <i>Listeria monocytogenes:<\/i>\n                    inference from mouse and mathematical models"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7902-2509","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alison","family":"Stout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Van Stelten-Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Marquis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ballou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8797-1648","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guy H.","family":"Loneragan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendra","family":"Nightingale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6348-4709","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renata","family":"Ivanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.3.584-640.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314008"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1701.P11101"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-7135(96)00041-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","volume-title":"Quantitative assessment of the relative risk to public health from foodborne Listeria monocytogenes among selected categories of ready-to-eat foods","author":"FDA\/USDA\/CDC (US Food and Drug Administration, United States Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","first-page":"328","article-title":"Incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food\u2014Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10US Sites, 2006\u20132013. April 2014","volume":"63","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","unstructured":"United States Department of Agriculture. 2010 FSIS comparative risk assessment for Listeria monocytogen es in ready-to-eat meat and poultry deli meats. Risk Assessment Division. See http:\/\/www.fsis.usda.gov\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/c2ac97d0\u2013399e-4c4a-a2bc-d338c2e201b3\/Comparative_RA_Lm_Report_May2010.pdf?MOD=AJPERES."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02651-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01564-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.14.3797"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8764","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.12.8764-8772.2005","article-title":"Select Listeria monocytogenes subtypes commonly found in foods carry distinct nonsense mutations in inlA, leading to expression of truncated and secreted internalin A, and are associated with a reduced invasion phenotype for human intestinal epithelial cells","volume":"71","author":"Nightingale KK","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1063447","article-title":"Comparative genomics of Listeria species","volume":"294","author":"Glaser P","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-10-318"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2015.1966"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. 2018 Quick facts Untied States. See https:\/\/www.census.gov\/quickfacts\/fact\/table\/US\/PST045218."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2016 Listeriosis symptoms. See https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/symptoms.html. Accessed 10 October 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2017 Life expectancy. See https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/life-expectancy.htm. (accessed October 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0835-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","volume-title":"Listeriosis research: present situation and perspective","author":"Ralovich B","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","first-page":"379","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of infectious diseases: modern methodologies","author":"Choisy M","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02430-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization. 2004 Risk assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods. Technical report. Microbiological risk assessment series 5. Rome Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Geneva Switzerland: World Health Organization. See http:\/\/www.fao.org\/docrep\/010\/y5394e\/y5394e00.htm."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_26_2","first-page":"e05134","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes contamination of ready-to-eat foods and the risk for human health in the EU","volume":"16","author":"Ricci A","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Food Safety Authority"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_27_2","volume-title":"Annual epidemiological report 2015. Listeriosis","author":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.95.6.2014-2021.1968"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00997-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_30_2","first-page":"37","article-title":"Vaccination against Listeria infection in mice with a mutant strain of reduced virulence","volume":"17","author":"Fensterbank R","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann. Rech. Vet."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2011.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181761f6f"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-69.2.335"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.40.3.1170-1177.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_35_2","unstructured":"United States Department of Health and Human Services. 2012 FS-1.3 reduce infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes transmitted commonly through food. See http:\/\/www.healthypeople.gov\/2020\/Data\/SearchResult.aspx?topicid=14&topic=Food%20Safety&objective=FS-1.3&anchor=467680."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00022"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano6080151"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0882-4010(88)90080-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.84"}],"container-title":["Interface Focus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:24:27Z","timestamp":1778621067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rsfs\/article\/64075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsfs.2019.0046","relation":{},"ISSN":["2042-8898","2042-8901"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2042-8898","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-8901","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}