{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:54:57Z","timestamp":1792821297174,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"99","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]],"date-time":"2014-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. R. Soc. Interface."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A frequent assumption in behavioural science is that most of an animal's activities can be described in terms of a small set of stereotyped motifs. Here, we introduce a method for mapping an animal's actions, relying only upon the underlying structure of postural movement data to organize and classify behaviours. Applying this method to the ground-based behaviour of the fruit fly,\n                    <jats:italic>Drosophila melanogaster<\/jats:italic>\n                    , we find that flies perform stereotyped actions roughly 50% of the time, discovering over 100 distinguishable, stereotyped behavioural states. These include multiple modes of locomotion and grooming. We use the resulting measurements as the basis for identifying subtle sex-specific behavioural differences and revealing the low-dimensional nature of animal motions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2014.0672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T05:36:30Z","timestamp":1408512990000},"page":"20140672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":582,"title":["Mapping the stereotyped behaviour of freely moving fruit flies"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3588-7820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordon J.","family":"Berman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel M.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Bialek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua W.","family":"Shaevitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853974X00534"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","volume-title":"Handbook of ethological methods","author":"Lehner PA","year":"1996","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","volume-title":"Ethology: the mechanisms and evolution of behavior","author":"Gould JL","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010868108"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","first-page":"1215","volume-title":"The cognitive neurosciences III","author":"Glimcher PW","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2006.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03961"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000028"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1007868108"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1013470107"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211447110"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1310"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1328"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2281"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1924"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2908"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","first-page":"e8793","article-title":"A new chamber for studying the behavior of Drosophila","volume":"5","author":"Simon JC","year":"2010","journal-title":"."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","first-page":"85","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"van der Maaten L","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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