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We then use these parameters in a more complex immune response model to characterize the dynamics of the humoral immune response. Despite substantial uncertainty in input parameters, our analysis generates relatively precise estimates of important viral characteristics that are composed of nonlinear combinations of model parameters: we estimate the mean within-host basic reproductive number,<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>, to be 2.3 (95% of values in the range 1.7\u20132.9); the mean infectious virion burst size to be 2.9 plaque-forming units (95% of values in the range 1.7\u20134.7); and the average number of cells infected per infectious virion to be between 0.3 and 0.99. Our analysis gives mechanistic insights into the dynamics of WNV infection and produces estimates of viral characteristics that are difficult to measure experimentally. 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