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Interface."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Hospital operating theatre suites are a particularly resource- and energy-intensive component of the health sector. Reducing their carbon footprint presents a significant challenge due to the necessity of maintaining patient safety. In this paper, we apply a multidisciplinary methodology to investigate and assess various strategies aimed at reducing the carbon footprint in hospital theatres. The strategies evaluated include (i) the duration of theatre ventilation operation, (ii) the efficiency of the ventilation strategy, and (iii) heat recovery systems and technologies. These approaches are assessed using a combination of theatre space monitoring (via building management systems), computational air-flow modelling and mathematical models. We develop a robust methodology that applies these modelling techniques to general hospital suites, enabling the estimation of reductions in CO\n            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n            equivalent.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2025.0048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T23:06:03Z","timestamp":1757459163000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Towards NetZero for hospital operating theatres"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1300-5738","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ian","family":"Eames","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Symons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duncan","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6351-279X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaman","family":"Rawas Kalaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyndsay","family":"Muirhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College Hospital","place":["London, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Groome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London","place":["London, UK"]},{"name":"The Royal London Hospital","place":["London, UK"]},{"name":"Nuffield Health","place":["Epsom, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qj.49706427503"},{"key":"e_1_3_9_3_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Summary for policymakers","author":"IPCC","year":"2018","unstructured":"IPCC. 2018 Summary for policymakers, (ed. 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