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Among these, pathological conditions include patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary atresia and stenosis and hypoxemia-induced pulmonary hypertension while surgical interventions include the placement of a Blalock\u2013Thomas\u2013Taussig shunt and the Glenn and Fontan procedures. Despite the significant morbidity associated with these diverse conditions, little attention has been directed to understanding the natural postnatal development of pulmonary arteries from both biological and mechanical perspectives. Without such information, we cannot truly understand the phenotype of the affected pulmonary artery, which is fundamental to improving diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. In this paper, we present novel data from wild-type mice that document normal postnatal changes in select gene expression, wall composition and biomechanical properties of proximal pulmonary arteries. These findings enabled the establishment of a novel, data-informed computational model of pulmonary artery development capable of simulating outcomes in response to perturbations in pulmonary artery haemodynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2025.0962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:09:19Z","timestamp":1781654959000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postnatal pulmonary artery development from transcript to tissue"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3219-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erica L.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University 1 , New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay B.","family":"Ramachandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University 2 , Ames, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of the Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge 3 , Cambridge, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward P.","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Yale University 4 , New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System 5 , West Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dar","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Denver 6 , Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1011-2025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay D.","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University 1 , New Haven, CT 06520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082409474013800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2005.01.061","article-title":"The RV\u2013PA conduit stimulates better growth of the pulmonary arteries in hypoplastic left heart syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Rumball","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. 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