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While most studies focus on transmission risk, much less is known about how climate affects the synchronization of outbreaks. In this work, we investigate dengue synchronization using epidemiological and climate data from 74 municipalities in the state of Paran\u00e1 (southern Brazil) between 2010 and 2024. We quantify outbreak coherence using the event synchronization (ES) method. Our results reveal a transition from a low-transmission regime to a high-transmission regime accompanied by a marked increase in synchronization across cities. We also show that climate anomalies increase the number of permissive days for dengue transmission. Our results suggest that such days are significantly associated with outbreak synchronization. We identify a two-stage climate mechanism: conducive climatic conditions first reduce the probability of asynchronous states and coincide with the emergence of synchronized outbreaks, and subsequently sustain higher synchronization levels. Extending the analysis through comparative analyses in Cear\u00e1 and Minas Gerais, we uncover that climate consistently amplifies synchronization, although its role in the onset of synchronization depends on regional climatic regimes. These findings highlight climate-driven synchronization as an emerging feature shaping dengue dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2026.0438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:35:44Z","timestamp":1787740544000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Climate and dengue synchronization in southern Brazil: a municipal analysis with cross-state validation"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8407-7675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrique C.","family":"Gabrick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of S\u00e3o Paulo 1 , S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"name":"BCAM - Basque Center for Applied Mathematics 6 , Bilbao, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5899-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio M.","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Science, State University of Ponta Grossa 2 , Ponta Grossa, Brazil."},{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, State University of Ponta Grossa 3 , Ponta Grossa, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1748-0106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iber\u00ea L.","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics, University of S\u00e3o Paulo 1 , S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5926-4276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Kurths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research 4 , Potsdam, Germany."},{"name":"Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin 5 , Berlin, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8354-9944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00edra","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BCAM - Basque Center for Applied Mathematics 6 , Bilbao, Spain."},{"name":"Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science 7 , Bilbao, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082606352275000_bib1","volume-title":"Dengue","author":"Organization WH","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026082606352275000_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","article-title":"The global distribution and burden of dengue","volume":"496","author":"Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026082606352275000_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1110265","article-title":"Dengue","volume":"366","author":"Simmons","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. 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