{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:09:29Z","timestamp":1792786169749,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"243","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Czech Science Foundation","award":["24-10862S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-10862S"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pv73b02","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Walking, posture and childbirth all depend on the pelvic ring, yet human pelvic dimorphism is usually interpreted from static birth-canal dimensions. We asked whether sex differences in pelvic function are explained by overall size and static pelvimetry or by available mechanical deformation pathways. We analysed 278 anatomically standardized lumbopelvic finite-element models built from clinical computed tomography scans. In each model, modal decomposition separated pelvic deformation into a shared, ranked set of pathways, allowing us to compare pathway stiffness, load recruitment and sensitivity to ligamentous and cartilaginous constraints. Overall pelvic size accounted for much of the baseline stiffness spectrum, confirming a strong size-dependent component. However, size- and age-adjusted sex differences remained: male pelves showed approximately 20% higher eigenvalues than female pelves in modes 2 and 9. Loading probes showed a common backbone in both sexes during habitual support, whereas inlet opening revealed a different response organization, with female pelves distributing deformation across a broader, coordinated set and a higher effective number of participating modes. The principal inlet-opening pathway was most sensitive to the pubic symphysis and anterior sacroiliac ligamentous constraints. Pelvic dimorphism, therefore, lies not only in canal shape, but in the organization of mechanical pathways that balance support with deformation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2026.0555","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:23:22Z","timestamp":1791332602000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From pelvic geometry to modal compliance: sex-specific deformation pathways in the human pelvic ring"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4922-1037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Kucha\u0159","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Charles University 1 , Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2252-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Mor\u00e1vek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Charles University 1 , Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8230-9383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Hammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz 2 , Graz, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Leipzig 3 , Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8700-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petr","family":"Heny\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Technologies and Applied Informatics, Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec 4 , Liberec, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2002.00010.x","article-title":"Birth, obstetrics and human evolution","volume":"109","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140065","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0065","article-title":"Primate pelvic anatomy and implications for birth","volume":"370","author":"Trevathan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phil. 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Anthropol."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0118903","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118903","article-title":"A wider pelvis does not increase locomotor cost in humans, with implications for the evolution of childbirth","volume":"10","author":"Warrener","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.06.043","article-title":"Evolution of the human pelvis and obstructed labor: new explanations of an old obstetrical dilemma","volume":"222","author":"Pavli\u010dev","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstetr. Gynecol."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12744","article-title":"The obstetrical dilemma hypothesis: there's life in the old dog yet","volume":"96","author":"Haeusler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Rev."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1446","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31820bc705","article-title":"A finite element analysis of sacroiliac joint ligaments in response to different loading conditions","volume":"36","author":"Eichenseer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.03.050","article-title":"Ligamentous influence in pelvic load distribution","volume":"13","author":"Hammer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.09.014","article-title":"Analysis of pelvic strain in different gait configurations in a validated cohort of computed tomography based finite element models","volume":"64","author":"Salo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3973170","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3973170","article-title":"In silico pelvis and sacroiliac joint motion: refining a model of the human osteoligamentous pelvis for assessing physiological load deformation using an inverted validation approach","volume":"2019","author":"Ramezani","year":"2019","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2018.12.005","article-title":"In-silico pelvis and sacroiliac joint motion\u2014a review on published research using numerical analyses","volume":"61","author":"Hammer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Biomech."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3319","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3319","article-title":"Influence of pubic symphysis stiffness on pelvic load distribution during single leg stance","volume":"36","author":"Ricci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Numer. Meth. Biomed. Engng."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13739","article-title":"Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments influence in pelvis kinematics","volume":"241","author":"Heny\u0161","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03321-z","article-title":"Dynamic finite-element simulations reveal early origin of complex human birth pattern","volume":"5","author":"Fr\u00e9mondi\u00e8re","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. 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Orthop."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C21","first-page":"e18619","article-title":"Sacroiliac joint and pelvic dysfunction due to symphysiolysis in postpartum women","volume":"13","author":"Fiani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23291","article-title":"Effects of cutting the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments","volume":"32","author":"Hammer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Anat."},{"key":"2026100620231637000_RSIF20260555C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23328","article-title":"A systematic review of the morphology and function of the sacrotuberous ligament","volume":"32","author":"Aldabe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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