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The evolutionary pressure associated with establishing and maintaining an infection and transmission to vector or host has shaped parasite morphology. However, there is not a \u2018one size fits all\u2019 morphological solution to these different pressures, and parasites exhibit a range of different morphologies, reflecting the diversity of their complex life cycles. In this review, we will focus on the shape and form of\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp., a group of very successful protozoan parasites that cause a range of diseases from self-healing cutaneous leishmaniasis to visceral leishmaniasis, which is fatal if left untreated.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.170165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T05:10:17Z","timestamp":1505279417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":186,"title":["Shape, form, function and\n                    <i>Leishmania<\/i>\n                    pathogenicity: from textbook descriptions to biological understanding"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2836-9622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack","family":"Sunter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Gull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198077"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000078458"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","first-page":"313","article-title":"Analysis by flow cytometry of DNA synthesis during the life cycle of African trypanosomes","volume":"41","author":"Shapiro SZ","year":"1984","unstructured":"Shapiro SZ, Naessens J, Liesegang B, Moloo SK, Magondu J. 1984 Analysis by flow cytometry of DNA synthesis during the life cycle of African trypanosomes. 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