{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T16:59:39Z","timestamp":1773248379670,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1621,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1621,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1621,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acromegaly is a pathological condition that is caused by over-secretion of growth hormone (GH) and develops primarily from a pituitary adenoma. Excess GH exposure over a prolonged period of time leads to a wide range of systemic manifestations and comorbidities. Studying the effect of excess GH on the cellular level could help to understand the underlying causes of acromegaly health complications and comorbidities. In our previous publications, we have shown that excess GH reduces body side population (SP) stem cells and induces signs of premature ageing in an acromegaly zebrafish model. Here, we study acromegaly ageing in greater depth at the level of gene expression. We investigated whether acromegaly induces an ageing genetic signature in different organs. Using the GenAge database, our acromegaly model showed a significant enrichment of ageing genetic datasets in the muscle but not in other organs. Likewise, the hierarchical clustering of wild type (WT), acromegaly and aged RNA data from various organs revealed the similarity of gene expression profiles between the acromegaly and the aged muscles. We therefore identified overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different organs between acromegaly and aged zebrafish. Importantly, about half of the muscle, liver and brain acromegaly DEGs overlapped with aged zebrafish DEGs. Interestingly, overlapping was observed in the same way; acromegaly-up DEGs overlapped with aged zebrafish up DEGs, not down DEGs, and vice versa. We then identified the biological functions of overlapping DEGs. Enrichment database analysis and gene ontology showed that most overlapping muscle genes were involved in ageing metabolism, while overlapping liver DEGs were involved in metabolic pathways, response to hypoxia and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Thus, this study provides a full ageing genetic signature of acromegaly at the gene expression level.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T03:07:16Z","timestamp":1618369636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ageing genetic signature of hypersomatotropism"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6344-9425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abdalla","family":"Elbialy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Damanhour 22511, Egypt","department":["Laboratory of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University,"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0253","article-title":"Acromegaly at diagnosis in 3173 patients from the Li\u00e8ge Acromegaly Survey (LAS) database","volume":"24","author":"Petrossians","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine-Related Cancer"},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2016.08.002","article-title":"Genetics of gigantism and acromegaly","volume":"30","author":"Hannah-Shmouni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Growth Hor. IGF Res."},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/biology7040047","article-title":"A zebrafish acromegaly model elevates DNA damage and impairs DNA repair pathways","volume":"7","author":"Elbialy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biology"},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0071-6","article-title":"Acromegaly","volume":"5","author":"Colao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-3-17","article-title":"Acromegaly","volume":"3","author":"Chanson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Orp. J. Rare Dis."},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1126100","article-title":"Pituitary adenoma predisposition caused by germline mutations in the AIP gene","volume":"312","author":"Vierimaa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2363","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1408028","article-title":"Gigantism and acromegaly due to Xq26 microduplications and GPR101 mutation","volume":"371","author":"Trivellin","year":"2014","journal-title":"New England J. 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IGF Res."},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2011.03.013","article-title":"Micronucleus evaluation in mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes of patients with acromegaly","volume":"60","author":"Hamurcu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-015-0436-8","article-title":"Rapid growth accelerates telomere attrition in a transgenic fish","volume":"15","author":"Pauliny","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Evol. Biol."},{"key":"2026010716444808700_RSOB200265C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2012.02.001","article-title":"Enhanced oxidative stress in GH-transgenic rat and acromegaly in humans","volume":"22","author":"Nishizawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Growth Hor. 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