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Soc. open sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Interspecific hybridization is relatively frequent in nature and numerous cases of hybridization between wild canids and domestic dogs have been recorded. However, hybrids between golden jackals (<jats:italic>Canis aureus<\/jats:italic>) and other canids have not been described before. In this study, we combined the use of biparental (15 autosomal microsatellites and three major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci) and uniparental (mtDNA control region and a Y-linked<jats:italic>Zfy<\/jats:italic>intron) genetic markers to assess the admixed origin of three wild-living canids showing anomalous phenotypic traits. Results indicated that these canids were hybrids between golden jackals and domestic dogs. One of them was a backcross to jackal and another one was a backcross to dog, confirming that golden jackal\u2013domestic dog hybrids are fertile. The uniparental markers showed that the direction of hybridization, namely females of the wild species hybridizing with male domestic dogs, was common to most cases of canid hybridization. A melanistic 3bp-deletion at the<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>locus (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-defensin CDB103 gene), that was absent in reference golden jackal samples, but was found in a backcross to jackal with anomalous black coat, suggested its introgression from dogs via hybridization. Moreover, we demonstrated that MHC sequences, although rarely used as markers of hybridization, can be also suitable for the identification of hybrids, as long as haplotypes are exclusive for the parental species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.150450","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]],"date-time":"2015-12-03T10:07:25Z","timestamp":1449137245000},"page":"150450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["First evidence of hybridization between golden jackal (<i>Canis aureus<\/i>) and domestic dog (<i>Canis familiaris<\/i>) as revealed by genetic markers"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3709-7286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Galov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Genetica, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romolo","family":"Caniglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Genetica, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidi","family":"Arbanasi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb 10000, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvana","family":"Lapalombella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, Bologna 40126, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tihomir","family":"Florijan\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Hunting, Fishery and Beekeeping, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Kralja Petra Sva\u010di\u0107a 1d, Osijek 31000, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivica","family":"Bo\u0161kovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Hunting, Fishery and Beekeeping, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Kralja Petra Sva\u010di\u0107a 1d, Osijek 31000, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Galaverni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Genetica, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4882-6595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ettore","family":"Randi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio di Genetica, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano dell\u2019Emilia (BO) 40064, Italy"},{"name":"Department 18\/Section of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohng\u00e5rdsholmsvej 57, Aalborg 9000, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2005.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.116301.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.1994.tb00070.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014229610646"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.335"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086409"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","first-page":"156","volume-title":"Canids: foxes, wolves, jackals and dogs status survey and conservation action plan","author":"Jhala Y","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2907.2011.00185.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004016"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016385"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042740"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","first-page":"386","article-title":"Records of the golden jackal (Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758) in Hungary from 1800th until 2007, based on a literature survey","volume":"5","author":"T\u00f3th T","year":"2009","journal-title":"North West. 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