{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T20:41:45Z","timestamp":1768250505053,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program","award":["J15LM07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J15LM07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["R. Soc. open sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Thirty-two gypsogenin derivatives were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic activities. Their structures were established using IR,\n            <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n            H NMR,\n            <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n            C NMR, and LC-MS spectroscopic data. In MTT assays nearly all the compounds displayed good cytotoxicity in the low \u03bcM range for several human tumour cell lines (A549, LOVO, SKOV3 and HepG2). Low IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            values were obtained especially for the carboxamides\n            <jats:bold>7a<\/jats:bold>\n            \u2013\n            <jats:bold>7j<\/jats:bold>\n            , for an oxime derivative\n            <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n            and a (2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazono derivative\n            <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n            . In particular, the IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            values of compounds\n            <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n            (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2009=\u20092.97\u2009\u00b1\u20091.13\u2009\u00b5\u039c) and\n            <jats:bold>7\u2009g<\/jats:bold>\n            (IC\n            <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n            \u2009=\u20093.59\u2009\u00b1\u20092.04\u2009\u00b5\u039c) against LOVO cells were found to be much lower than those of the other derivatives and parent compound. These compounds were submitted to an extensive biological testing and proved compounds\n            <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n            and\n            <jats:bold>7\u2009g<\/jats:bold>\n            to act mainly by an arrest of the tumour cells in the S phase of the cell cycle. In addition, compounds\n            <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n            and\n            <jats:bold>7\u2009g<\/jats:bold>\n            triggered the apoptotic pathway in cancer cells, showing high apoptosis ratios.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.171510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T11:00:27Z","timestamp":1516791627000},"page":"171510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Synthesis of gypsogenin derivatives with capabilities to arrest cell cycle and induce apoptosis in human cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Haochao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leling","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7698-4523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingyong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs Ministry of Health, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250062, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200112000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"2170","volume-title":"The Chinese medicine dictionary","author":"Jiangsu New Medical College","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"326","volume-title":"Chemistry and pharmacology of natural products","author":"Hostettmann SK","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"99","volume-title":"Saponins: properties, applications and health benefits","author":"Yotova M","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(95)00007-O"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Marciani DJ. 1999 Triterpene saponin analogs having adjuvant and immunostimulatory activity . 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