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Soc. open sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to analyse the patterns of diversity, blood sources and<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>species of phlebotomines in a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Arboledas, Eastern Colombia. In total, 1729 phlebotomines were captured in two localities (62.3% Siravita and 37.7% Cinera) and five environments of Norte de Santander. We identified 18 species of phlebotomines:<jats:italic>Pintomyia ovallesi<\/jats:italic>(29.8%),<jats:italic>Psychodopygus davisi<\/jats:italic>(20.3%),<jats:italic>Pi. spinicrassa<\/jats:italic>(18.5%) and<jats:italic>Lutzomyia gomezi<\/jats:italic>(15.8%) showed the highest abundance. Species diversities were compared between Cinera (15.00) and Siravita (20.00) and among five microenvironments: forest remnants (19.49), coffee plantations (12.5), grassland (12.99), cane plantations (11.66) and citrus plantations (12.22).<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>DNA was detected in 5.8% (80\/1380) of females, corresponding mainly to<jats:italic>Pi<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>ovallesi<\/jats:italic>(22\/80; 27.2%),<jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>gomezi<\/jats:italic>(17\/80; 21.3%) and<jats:italic>Pi<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>spinicrassa<\/jats:italic>(11\/80; 13.8%).<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>species were 63.1%<jats:italic>L. braziliensis<\/jats:italic>, 18.5%<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>panamensis<\/jats:italic>, 13.2%<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>infantum<\/jats:italic>and 6.1%<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>amazonensis<\/jats:italic>. The most frequent feeding sources were<jats:italic>Homo sapiens<\/jats:italic>(50%),<jats:italic>Bos taurus<\/jats:italic>(13.8%) and<jats:italic>Canis lupus familiaris<\/jats:italic>(10.3%). This focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis has a high diversity of<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>-carrying phlebotomines that feed on domestic animals. The transmission of leishmaniasis to human hosts was mainly associated with<jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>gomezi<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Pi<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>ovallesi<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>braziliensis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.200266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T07:05:42Z","timestamp":1594191942000},"page":"200266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Complex ecological interactions across a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Eastern Colombia: novel description of<i>Leishmania<\/i>species, hosts and phlebotomine fauna"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Claudia M.","family":"Sandoval-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas para la Sostenibilidad (CIBAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiol\u00f3gicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An\u00edbal A.","family":"Teher\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n COMPLEXUS, Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Juan N, Corpas, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinaldo","family":"Gutierrez-Marin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Enfermedades Tropicales e Infecciosas (GIEPATI), Universidad de Pamplona, Pamplona, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth A.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Salud Comunidad-UDES, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duvan","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiol\u00f3gicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Hoyos-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Enfermedades Tropicales y Resistencia Bacteriana, Universidad del Sin\u00fa, Monter\u00eda, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Araque-Mogoll\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Departamental de Salud, Laboratorio Departamental de Salud, Norte de Santander, C\u00facuta, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1344-9312","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Juan David","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiol\u00f3gicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2019 Climate change. 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