{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:31:37Z","timestamp":1790015497502,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["R. Soc. open sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Eflornithine (EFN) is an anti-\n            <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei<\/jats:italic>\n            agent for the medication of sleeping sickness and widely distributed for the treatment of hirsutism (unwanted facial hair in women). The presented work demonstrates a comprehensive analytical approach for the spectrofluorometric determination of EFN in commercial cream samples and various biological samples. The proposed method is based on the formation of a highly yellow\u2013green fluorescence dihydropyridine derivative after the interaction between EFN and acetylacetone\/formaldehyde reagent in a slightly acidic medium. Furthermore, the optimal variables such as reagent volumes, pH of the medium, heating time, buffer volume, heating temperature and diluting solvent were carefully selected to achieve the maximum fluorescence activity. The fluorescence activity for the formed derivative was measured at\n            <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>emission<\/jats:sub>\n            = 477 nm after\n            <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic>\n            <jats:sub>excitation<\/jats:sub>\n            = 418 nm. Concerning linearity, accuracy, sensitivity, precision and robustness, the presented method was validated and verified according to ICH guidelines. Moreover, the proposed work offered a selective determination for EFN in various brands of pharmaceutical cream without any interference from excipients. Eventually, the current approach was assured to be successful in the estimation of EFN in urine and plasma samples with acceptable recovery results.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.210366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]],"date-time":"2021-05-12T07:06:50Z","timestamp":1620803210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Application of Hantzsch reaction for sensitive determination of eflornithine in cream, plasma and urine samples"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Albandary","family":"Almahri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Courses Unit, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, King Khalid University, Dhahran Aljanoub, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3020-4966","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Abdel-Lateef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20030382"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6775372"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.117853"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-12-0429"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8019.2008.00215.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773213Y.0000000105"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61117-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","first-page":"269","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of eflornithine (","volume":"60","author":"Na-Bangchang K","year":"2004","unstructured":"Na-Bangchang K, Doua F, Konsil J, Hanpitakpong W, Kamanikom B, Kuzoe F. 2004 The pharmacokinetics of eflornithine (\u03b1-difluoromethylornithine) in patients with late-stage T.b. gambiense sleeping sickness. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 60, 269-278. (doi:10.1007\/s00228-004-0759-7)","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. 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Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3374"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","first-page":"3265","article-title":"Development and validation of UV-spectrophotometer analytical method of eflornithine hydrochloride","volume":"20","author":"Grewal IK","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grewal IK, Singh S, Arora S, Sharma N. 2020 Development and validation of UV-spectrophotometer analytical method of eflornithine hydrochloride. 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Indian J."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spectrophotometric determination of eflornithine hydrochloride through Schiff\u2019s base system using pdab reagent in pharmaceutical preparation","volume":"1","author":"Kumara A","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumara A, Singhb V, Kumarc P. 2015 Spectrophotometric determination of eflornithine hydrochloride through Schiff\u2019s base system using pdab reagent in pharmaceutical preparation. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. 1, 1-5.","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. 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