{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T03:42:15Z","timestamp":1791776535536,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":342,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":342,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":342,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":342,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":342,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The rapid early diversification of arthropods has made understanding internal relationships within the group fiendish. Particularly unresolved is the origin of Euchelicerata, a clade consisting of the Prosomapoda (comprising the extant Xiphosura and Arachnida and the extinct Chasmataspidida, Eurypterida and synziphosurines) and the extinct Offacolidae. Here we describe new material of the Silurian \u2018synziphosurine\u2019 Bunaia woodwardi Clarke, 1919 that reveals previously unknown features of its ventral anatomy: a pair of elongated chelicerae in the prosoma, followed posteriorly by five pairs of biramous appendages, a first pre-abdomen somite bearing a pair of paddle-like uniramous appendages (exopods) and a ventral pretelsonic process. Phylogenetic analyses retrieve B. woodwardi as a member of Offacolidae closely related to Setapedites abundantis from the Early Ordovician Fezouata Biota. An anatomical comparison of the pretelsonic process of B. woodwardi, also present in Setapedites, with the posterior trunk morphologies of other Offacolidae, Habeliida and Vicissicaudata, suggests a possible homologous appendicular origin. This proposed apomorphic character supports a monophyletic Arachnomorpha, formed of Vicissicaudata, Habeliida and Euchelicerata. The establishment of this new homology could help to clarify the highly enigmatic phylogeny at the base of the euchelicerates as well as the sequence of character acquisition during their early evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.240499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T16:26:01Z","timestamp":1730305561000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["New specimens of\n                    <i>Bunaia woodwardi<\/i>\n                    Clarke, 1919 (Euchelicerata): a new member of Offacolidae providing insight supporting the Arachnomorpha"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8951-5160","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Lustri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, G\u00e9opolis, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8639-6998","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonathan B.","family":"Antcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, G\u00e9opolis, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7529-3456","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pierre","family":"Gueriau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, G\u00e9opolis, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland 1"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS, minist\u00e8re de la Culture, UVSQ, MNHN, Institut photonique d\u2019analyse non-destructive europ\u00e9en des mat\u00e9riaux anciens, Saint-Aubin 91192, France 2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5369-5879","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Allison C.","family":"Daley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, G\u00e9opolis, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland 1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010719383459600_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcz.2018.01.004","article-title":"Current views on chelicerate phylogeny\u2014a tribute to Peter Weygoldt","volume":"273","author":"Giribet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zool. Anz."},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.04.057","article-title":"The phylogeny and evolutionary history of arthropods","volume":"29","author":"Giribet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2009.10.002","article-title":"Arthropod phylogeny: an overview from the perspectives of morphology, molecular data and the fossil record","volume":"39","author":"Edgecombe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. Dev."},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3485","article-title":"Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies","volume":"4","author":"Legg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-0031.1998.tb00331.x","article-title":"The phylogeny of the extant chelicerate orders","volume":"14","author":"Wheeler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cladistics"},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0469.2004.00284.x","article-title":"Pycnogonid affinities: a review","volume":"43","author":"Dunlop","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Zool. Syst."},{"key":"2026010719383459600_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2010.01.003","article-title":"Geological history and phylogeny of chelicerata","volume":"39","author":"Dunlop","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct. 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