{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:25:12Z","timestamp":1789691112203,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011019","name":"Nemzeti Kutat\u00e1si Fejleszt\u00e9si \u00e9s Innov\u00e1ci\u00f3s Hivatal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["R. Soc. Open Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Sometimes, when a golfer attempts to putt a golf ball, it appears to enter the hole, only to re-emerge almost immediately, having undergone an angle of turn around the hole rim that can exceed\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                        <mml:msup>\n                          <mml:mn>180<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2218<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:msup>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    . We consider the problem from the point of view of mechanics. We show analytically that there are at least two distinct types of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">lip out<\/jats:italic>\n                    : the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rim<\/jats:italic>\n                    lip out, where the centre of mass of the golf ball does not fall below the level of the green, and the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">hole<\/jats:italic>\n                    lip out where it does. At the heart of both lip outs is a family of degenerate saddle equilibria of the dynamics on the rim (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">the golf balls of death<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). When perturbed one way, the golf ball executes a rim lip out. When perturbed another way, the golf ball enters the hole, only to re-emerge (provided it does not touch the base of the hole) if it is spinning about an axis perpendicular to the wall of the hole.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.250907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:05:52Z","timestamp":1762301152000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mechanics of the golf lip out"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6012-6527","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S. John","family":"Hogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol","place":["Bristol, UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mate","family":"Antali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Mechanics, Szechenyi Istvan Egyetem","place":["Gy\u0151r, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.2017.0392"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12283-022-00387-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_4_2","volume-title":"The search for the perfect swing: an account of the golf society of Great Britain scientific study","author":"Cochran AJ","year":"1968","unstructured":"Cochran AJ, Stobbs J. 1968 The search for the perfect swing: an account of the golf society of Great Britain scientific study. London, UK: Heinemann."},{"key":"e_1_3_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2802446"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1119\/1.2180281"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0143-0807\/28\/2\/024"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1119\/5.0060788"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1119\/1.16592"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/p01-137"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7575\/aiac.ijkss.v.5n.2p.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12283-021-00347-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_13_2","volume-title":"The advanced part of a treatise on the dynamics of a system of rigid bodies. Being part II of a treatise of the whole subject. With numerous examples. 4th edn., revised and enlarged","author":"Routh EJ","year":"1884","unstructured":"Routh EJ. 1884 The advanced part of a treatise on the dynamics of a system of rigid bodies. Being part II of a treatise of the whole subject. With numerous examples. 4th edn., revised and enlarged. London, UK: Macmillan and Co."},{"key":"e_1_3_10_14_2","volume-title":"Littlewood\u2019s miscellany.","author":"Bollob\u00e1s B","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bollob\u00e1s B (ed). 1986 Littlewood\u2019s miscellany. Cambridge, UK: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge."},{"key":"e_1_3_10_15_2","volume-title":"Dynamics of nonholonomic systems","author":"Neimark JI","year":"1972","unstructured":"Neimark JI, Fufaev NA. 1972 Dynamics of nonholonomic systems. vol. 33. Providence, RI, USA: American Mathematical Society. Translations of Mathematical Monographs."},{"key":"e_1_3_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2008.4736403"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2014.06.107"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24560-7_16"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12283-015-0186-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11071-021-06507-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-8928(98)00090-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00419-008-0278-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00332-022-09812-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01443849"},{"key":"e_1_3_10_25_2","unstructured":"Hogan SJ Antali M. 2025 Computer programs to reproduce certain figures in submitted manuscript \u2019Mechanics of the golf lip out\u2019. 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