{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:30:11Z","timestamp":1787499011254,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1296","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,4,23]],"date-time":"1990-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":640828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The pigmentation pattern of Alligator mississippiensis was examined. The number of white stripes on the dorsal side of embryos (stages 21\u201328) and hatchlings from eggs incubated at 30\u00b0C (100% females) and 33\u00b0C (100% males) was recorded. Total length, nape\u2013rump length and tail length were recorded for each embryo and hatchling. The number of white stripes was affected by incubation temperature but not sex ; hatchlings incubated a t 33\u00b0C had two more white stripes than those at 30\u00b0C, despite being the same length. Five female hatchlings produced at 33\u00b0C by manipulation of the temperature, had the same number of stripes as males that developed under the same incubation temperatures. The appearance of the pigmentation was accelerated in embryos incubated at 33\u00b0C, occurring eight days earlier than at 30\u00b0C. At the time just before the first signs of pigment deposition, embryos from 33\u00b0C were longer than those at 30\u00b0C. If the stripe formation is size dependent this explains why hatchlings at 33\u00b0C have more stripes than hatchlings from 30\u00b0C. The mechanism that produces the stripe patterns is unknown. We describe key elements a pattern formation mechanism must possess to produce such stripes and suggest a possible mechanism, based on cell movement driven by chemotaxis. We apply the mathematical model to dorsal patterning on A. mississippiensis. We show how length at pattern formation is the prime factor in determining stripe number and how the pattern can be formed in the observed anterior\u2013posterior sequence. We present numerical simulations and show that the qualitative behaviour is consistent with the experimental results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1990.0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,18]],"date-time":"2006-12-18T18:20:27Z","timestamp":1166466027000},"page":"279-293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Size-dependent pigmentation-pattern formation in embryos of\n                    <i>Alligator mississippiensis<\/i>\n                    : time of initiation of pattern generation mechanism"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"239","author":[{"given":"James Dickson","family":"Murray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, 24\u201329 St Giles\u2019, Oxford, OX1 3LB, U. K.; Department of Applied Mathematics FS-20, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U. S. A."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. C.","family":"Deeming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Structural Biology, The University of Manchester, Coupland III Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U. K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. W. J.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Structural Biology, The University of Manchester, Coupland III Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U. K."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allen E. R. & Neill W. 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New York: John Wiley."},{"key":"p_7","unstructured":"Ferguson M. W. J. 1985 The reproductive biology and embryology of crocodilians. In Biology of the Reptilia vol. 14 A. Development (ed. C. Gans F. Billet & P. F. A. Maderson) pp. 329-491. New York: John Wiley."},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/296850a0"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1983.tb05781.x"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01275553"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1989.tb05009.x"},{"key":"p_12","unstructured":"Meinhardt H. 1982 Models of biological pattern formation. London: Academic Press."},{"key":"p_13","first-page":"161","article-title":"A pre-pattern formation mechanism for animal coat markings. J. theor","volume":"88","author":"Murray J. D.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biol."},{"key":"p_14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1981.0155"},{"key":"p_15","unstructured":"Murray J. D. 1989a Mathematical biology. Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer-Verlag."},{"key":"p_16","unstructured":"Murray J. D. 19896 Modelling the pattern generating mechanism in the formation of stripes on alligators. In IXth Internation congress of mathematical physicists Swansea 1988 (ed. B. Simon A. Truman & I. M. Davies) pp. 208-213. Bristol: Adam Hilger."},{"key":"p_17","first-page":"539","article-title":"A new approach to the generation of pattern and form in embryology. Sci","volume":"70","author":"Murray J. 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W. Beal A. M. Manolis S. C. & Dempsey K. E. 1987 The effects of incubation temperature on sex determination and embryonic development rate in Crocodylusjohnstoni and C. porosus. In Wildlife management: crocodiles and alligators (ed. G. W. J. Webb S. C. Manolis & P. J. Whitehead) pp. 507-531. Sydney: Surrey Beatty Pty Ltd."},{"key":"p_26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(08)60641-9"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B. 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