{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:24:32Z","timestamp":1791397472221,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1622","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,29]],"date-time":"2007-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183075200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding the transmission dynamics of generalist pathogens that infect multiple host species is essential for their effective control. Only by identifying those host populations that are critical to the permanent maintenance of the pathogen, as opposed to populations in which outbreaks are the result of \u2018spillover\u2019 infections, can control measures be appropriately directed. Rabies virus is capable of infecting a wide range of host species, but in many ecosystems, particular variants circulate among only a limited range of potential host populations. The Serengeti ecosystem (in northwestern Tanzania) supports a complex community of wild carnivores that are threatened by generalist pathogens that also circulate in domestic dog populations surrounding the park boundaries. While the combined assemblage of host species appears capable of permanently maintaining rabies in the ecosystem, little is known about the patterns of circulation within and between these host populations. Here we use molecular phylogenetics to test whether distinct virus\u2013host associations occur in this species-rich carnivore community. Our analysis identifies a single major variant belonging to the group of southern Africa canid-associated viruses (Africa 1b) to be circulating within this ecosystem, and no evidence for species-specific grouping. A statistical parsimony analysis of nucleoprotein and glycoprotein gene sequence data is consistent with both within- and between-species transmission events. While likely differential sampling effort between host species precludes a definitive inference, the results are most consistent with dogs comprising the reservoir of rabies and emphasize the importance of applying control efforts in dog populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.0664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,2]],"date-time":"2007-07-02T14:32:57Z","timestamp":1183386777000},"page":"2123-2130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Molecular epidemiology identifies only a single rabies virus variant circulating in complex carnivore communities of the Serengeti"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"274","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Lembo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Emerging Diseases Section, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of EdinburghEaster Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.T","family":"Haydon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, University of GlasgowGlasgow G12 8QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Velasco-Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral and Rickettsial Zoonosis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMS G33, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.E","family":"Rupprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral and Rickettsial Zoonosis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMS G33, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Packer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.E","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Preventiva e Sa\u00fade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria e Zootecnia, Universidade de S\u00e3o PauloCidade Universit\u00e1ria, CEP 05508-000 S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.V","family":"Kuzmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral and Rickettsial Zoonosis Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMS G33, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.R","family":"Fooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for the Characterisation of Rabies and Rabies-Related Viruses, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (Weybridge)New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Barrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d'\u00e9tudes et de recherches sur la rage et la pathologie des animaux sauvages, Agence Fran\u00e7aise de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sanitaire des Aliments, Domaine de Pix\u00e9r\u00e9courtBP 9, 54220 Malz\u00e9ville, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Cleaveland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildlife and Emerging Diseases Section, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of EdinburghEaster Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Isolation of rabies virus from clinically healthy and previously unvaccinated dogs","volume":"37","author":"Aghomo H.O","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bull. 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