{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:01:14Z","timestamp":1789596074474,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1638","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]],"date-time":"2008-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1202169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Testosterone is assumed to be the key hormone related to resource-defence aggression. While this role has been confirmed mostly in the context of reproduction in male vertebrates, the effect of testosterone on the expression of resource-defence aggression in female vertebrates is not so well established. Furthermore, laboratory work suggests that progesterone inhibits aggressive behaviour in females. In this study, we investigated the hormonal changes underlying territorial aggression in free-living female African black coucals,\n            <jats:italic>Centropus grillii<\/jats:italic>\n            (Aves; Cuculidae). Females of this sex-role reversed polyandrous bird species should be particularly prone to be affected by testosterone because they aggressively defend territories similar to males of other species. We show, however, that territorial aggression in female black coucals is modulated by progesterone. After aggressive territorial challenges female black coucals expressed lower levels of progesterone than unchallenged territorial females and females without territories, suggesting that progesterone may suppress territorial aggression and is downregulated during aggressive encounters. Indeed, females treated with physiological concentrations of progesterone were less aggressive than females with placebo implants. This is one of the first demonstrations of a corresponding hormone\u2013behaviour interaction under challenged and experimental conditions in free-living females. We anticipate that our observation in a sex-role reversed species may provide a more general mechanism, by which progesterone\u2014in interaction with testosterone\u2014may regulate resource-defence aggression in female vertebrates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2007.1707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,6]],"date-time":"2008-02-06T01:10:04Z","timestamp":1202260204000},"page":"1053-1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Progesterone modulates aggression in sex-role reversed female African black coucals"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"275","author":[{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Goymann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Biologische Rhythmen und Verhalten und Abteilung f\u00fcr Verhaltensneurobiologie, Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Ornithologie82319 Seewiesen und Andechs, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Wittenzellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Biologische Rhythmen und Verhalten und Abteilung f\u00fcr Verhaltensneurobiologie, Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Ornithologie82319 Seewiesen und Andechs, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Schwabl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abteilung f\u00fcr Biologische Rhythmen und Verhalten und Abteilung f\u00fcr Verhaltensneurobiologie, Max-Planck-Institut f\u00fcr Ornithologie82319 Seewiesen und Andechs, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musa","family":"Makomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PO Box 7515Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(92)90413-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-249407-9.50013-2","volume-title":"Avian biology, vol. 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