{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T13:10:57Z","timestamp":1792156257908,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1862","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,6]],"date-time":"2017-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sunset Fund"},{"name":"Myhrvold Family Charitable Fund"},{"name":"Woodland Park Zoo"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000952","name":"Paul G. Allen Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000952","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dallas Zoo"},{"name":"Brookfield Zoo"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In despotically driven animal societies, one or a few individuals tend to have a disproportionate influence on group decision-making and actions. However, global communication allows each group member to assess the relative strength of preferences for different options among their group-mates. Here, we investigate collective decisions by free-ranging African wild dog packs in Botswana. African wild dogs exhibit dominant-directed group living and take part in stereotyped social rallies: high energy greeting ceremonies that occur before collective movements. Not all rallies result in collective movements, for reasons that are not well understood. We show that the probability of rally success (i.e. group departure) is predicted by a minimum number of audible rapid nasal exhalations (sneezes), within the rally. Moreover, the number of sneezes needed for the group to depart (i.e. the quorum) was reduced whenever dominant individuals initiated rallies, suggesting that dominant participation increases the likelihood of a rally's success, but is not a prerequisite. As such, the \u2018will of the group\u2019 may override dominant preferences when the consensus of subordinates is sufficiently great. Our findings illustrate how specific behavioural mechanisms (here, sneezing) allow for negotiation (in effect, voting) that shapes decision-making in a wild, socially complex animal society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,6]],"date-time":"2017-09-06T09:14:04Z","timestamp":1504689244000},"page":"20170347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Sneeze to leave: African wild dogs (\n                    <i>Lycaon pictus<\/i>\n                    ) use variable quorum thresholds facilitated by sneezes in collective decisions"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"284","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3584-5399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reena H.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Predator Conservation Trust, Private Bag 13, Maun, Botswana"},{"name":"Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6870-9767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Singleton Park, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Weldon","family":"McNutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Predator Conservation Trust, Private Bag 13, Maun, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0712-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neil R.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Predator Conservation Trust, Private Bag 13, Maun, Botswana"},{"name":"Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia"},{"name":"Applied Eco-Logic Group, Taronga Western Plains Zoo, Obley Rd, Dubbo, New South Wales 2830, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2010.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.05.110174.001545"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2008.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2010.1739"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10764-011-9524-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.103283"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.1350300202"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","first-page":"222","article-title":"Sexual selection, social competition, and evolution","volume":"123","author":"West-Eberhard MJ","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc. 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