{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:29:19Z","timestamp":1785223759685,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1880","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]],"date-time":"2018-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528848000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000409","name":"British Ecological Society","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Small Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Small Research Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011273","name":"FP7 Information and Communication Technologies","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BIOTACT (ICT 215910)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BIOTACT (ICT 215910)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011273","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>All small mammals have prominent facial whiskers that they employ as tactile sensors to guide navigation and foraging in complex habitats. Nocturnal, arboreal mammals tend to have the longest and most densely packed whiskers, and semi-aquatic mammals have the most sensitive. Here we present evidence to indicate that many small mammals use their whiskers to tactually guide safe foot positioning. Specifically, in 11, small, non-flying mammal species, we demonstrate that forepaw placement always falls within the ground contact zone of the whisker field and that forepaw width is always smaller than whisker span. We also demonstrate commonalities of whisker scanning movements (whisking) and elements of active control, associated with increasing contact with objects of interest, across multiple small mammal species that have previously only been shown in common laboratory animals. Overall, we propose that guiding locomotion, alongside environment exploration, is a common function of whisker touch sensing in small, quadrupedal mammals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]],"date-time":"2018-06-13T07:35:34Z","timestamp":1528875334000},"page":"20180592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Whisker touch sensing guides locomotion in small, quadrupedal mammals"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"285","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3968-8370","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Robyn A.","family":"Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicki","family":"Breakell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Wildwood Trust, Herne Common, Kent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony J.","family":"Prescott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.6642"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-25492-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.087452"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21156"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23623"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.20742"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2010.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990906)411:4<550::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22206"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","article-title":"Good Vibrations: the evolution of whisking in small mammals","author":"Muchlinski MN","journal-title":"Anat. Rec."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2011.0156"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.4.1781"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-017-1146-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/mamm.1987.51.1.125"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00600.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90783.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2006.0347"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.23504"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00764.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatfield C. 2003 The analysis of time series: an introduction 6th edn. London UK: Chapman and Hall.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203491683"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2013.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20591"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_25_2","unstructured":"Brown D Wolfgang C. 2013 Tracker 4.8 xs. Cabrillo College. See http:\/\/www.cabrillo.edu\/~dbrown\/tracker\/ (accessed 1 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050305"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2411"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.3.1171"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2999-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0712-14.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.10662"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5151-03.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4249\/scholarpedia.7280"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_34_2","unstructured":"Grant R Breakell V Prescott TJ. 2018 Data from: Whisker touch sensing guides locomotion in small quadrupedal mammals. Dryad Digital Repository . (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5061\/dryad.92t4802)"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T08:00:23Z","timestamp":1613635223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1880","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2018.0592","relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-8452","1471-2954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8452","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-03-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-06-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}