{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:59:34Z","timestamp":1792061974333,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1888","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538524800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Throughout history, humans have been afflicted by parasitic worms, and eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits. This study integrated parasitological and ancient DNA methods with a large sample set dating between Neolithic and Early Modern periods to explore the utility of molecular archaeoparasitology as a new approach to study the past. Molecular analyses provided unequivocal species-level parasite identification and revealed location-specific epidemiological signatures. Faecal\u2013oral transmitted nematodes (\n            <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Trichuris trichiura<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were ubiquitous across time and space. By contrast, high numbers of food-associated cestodes (\n            <jats:italic>Diphyllobothrium latum<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Taenia saginata<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were restricted to medieval L\u00fcbeck. The presence of these cestodes and changes in their prevalence at approximately 1300 CE indicate substantial alterations in diet or parasite availability.\n            <jats:italic>Trichuris trichiura<\/jats:italic>\n            ITS-1 sequences grouped into two clades; one ubiquitous and one restricted to medieval L\u00fcbeck and Bristol. The high sequence diversity of\n            <jats:italic>T.t<\/jats:italic>\n            .ITS-1 detected in L\u00fcbeck is consistent with its importance as a Hanseatic trading centre. Collectively, these results introduce molecular archaeoparasitology as an artefact-independent source of historical evidence.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2018.0991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T07:24:53Z","timestamp":1538551493000},"page":"20180991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Molecular archaeoparasitology identifies cultural changes in the Medieval Hanseatic trading centre of L\u00fcbeck"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"285","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3153-3411","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrik G.","family":"Flammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK"},{"name":"Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Dellicour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK"},{"name":"Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen G.","family":"Preston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Rieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arch\u00e4ologie und Denkmalpflege der Hansestadt L\u00fcbeck, 23566 L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cedric K. 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