{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:50:42Z","timestamp":1790725842064,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"1907","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/royalsociety.org\/journals\/ethics-policies\/data-sharing-mining\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["1257773"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1257773"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Among the many anthropogenic changes that impact humans and wildlife, one of the most pervasive but least understood is light pollution. Although detrimental physiological and behavioural effects resulting from exposure to light at night are widely appreciated, the impacts of light pollution on infectious disease risk have not been studied. Here, we demonstrate that artificial light at night (ALAN) extends the infectious-to-vector period of the house sparrow (\n                    <jats:italic>Passer domesticus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), an urban-dwelling avian reservoir host of West Nile virus (WNV). Sparrows exposed to ALAN maintained transmissible viral titres for 2 days longer than controls but did not experience greater WNV-induced mortality during this window. Transcriptionally, ALAN altered the expression of gene regulatory networks including key hubs (OASL, PLBD1 and TRAP1) and effector genes known to affect WNV dissemination (SOCS). Despite mounting anti-viral immune responses earlier, transcriptomic signatures indicated that ALAN-exposed individuals probably experienced pathogen-induced damage and immunopathology, potentially due to evasion of immune effectors. A simple mathematical modelling exercise indicated that ALAN-induced increases of host infectious-to-vector period could increase WNV outbreak potential by approximately 41%. ALAN probably affects other host and vector traits relevant to transmission, and additional research is needed to advise the management of zoonotic diseases in light-polluted areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2019.1051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T03:06:21Z","timestamp":1563937581000},"page":"20191051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Light pollution increases West Nile virus competence of a ubiquitous passerine reservoir species"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"286","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8161-057X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meredith E.","family":"Kernbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Newhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette M.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, Odum School of Ecology and Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Oberstaller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4780-1564","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Selechnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences (SOLES), University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rays H. 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