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R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Teleosts are important models to study sex chromosomes and sex-determining (SD) genes because they present a variety of sex determination systems. Here, we used Nanopore and Hi-C technologies to generate a high-contiguity chromosome-level genome assembly of a YY southern catfish (\n            <jats:italic>Silurus meridionalis<\/jats:italic>\n            ). The assembly is 750.0 Mb long, with contig N50 of 15.96 Mb and scaffold N50 of 27.22 Mb. We also sequenced and assembled an XY male genome with a size of 727.2 Mb and contig N50 of 13.69 Mb. We identified a candidate SD gene through comparisons to our previous assembly of an XX individual. By resequencing male and female pools, we characterized a 2.38 Mb sex-determining region (SDR) on Chr24. Analysis of read coverage and comparison of the X and Y chromosome sequences showed a Y specific insertion (approx. 500 kb) in the SDR which contained a male-specific duplicate of\n            <jats:italic>amhr2<\/jats:italic>\n            (named\n            <jats:italic>amhr2y<\/jats:italic>\n            ).\n            <jats:italic>amhr2y<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>amhr2<\/jats:italic>\n            shared high-nucleotide identity (81.0%) in the coding region but extremely low identity in the promotor and intron regions. The exclusive expression in the male gonadal primordium and loss-of-function inducing male to female sex reversal confirmed the role of\n            <jats:italic>amhr2y<\/jats:italic>\n            in male sex determination. Our study provides a new example of\n            <jats:italic>amhr2<\/jats:italic>\n            as the SD gene in fish and sheds light on the convergent evolution of the duplication of AMH\/AMHR2 pathway members underlying the evolution of sex determination in different fish lineages.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2021.2645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,16]],"date-time":"2022-03-16T07:59:54Z","timestamp":1647417594000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Identification of sex chromosome and sex-determining gene of southern catfish (\n            <i>Silurus meridionalis<\/i>\n            ) based on XX, XY and YY genome sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"289","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1007-6116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuqing","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haowen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7547-0133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas D.","family":"Kocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9826-2399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8810-2025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zuogang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7971-0130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deyong","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1695-1890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaoguang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4967-524X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Deshou","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, 400715 Chongqing, People's Republic of 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