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R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The visual ecology of early mammals remains poorly resolved. Studies of ancestral photopigments suggest an ancient transition from nocturnal to more crepuscular conditions. By contrast, the phenotypic shifts following the split of monotremes and therians\u2014which lost their SWS1 and SWS2 opsins, respectively\u2014are less clear. To address this, we obtained new phenotypic data on the photopigments of extant and ancestral monotremes. We then generated functional data for another vertebrate group that shares the same photopigment repertoire as monotremes: the crocodilians. By characterizing resurrected ancient pigments, we show that the ancestral monotreme underwent a dramatic acceleration in its rhodopsin retinal release rate. Moreover, this change was likely mediated by three residue replacements, two of which also arose on the ancestral branch of crocodilians, which exhibit similarly accelerated retinal release. Despite this parallelism in retinal release, we detected minimal to moderate changes in the spectral tuning of cone visual pigments in these groups. Our results imply that ancestral forms of monotremes and crocodilians independently underwent niche expansion to encompass quickly changing light conditions. This scenario\u2014which accords with reported crepuscular activity in extant monotremes\u2014may help account for their loss of the ultraviolet-sensitive SWS1 pigment but retention of the blue-sensitive SWS2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.0530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]],"date-time":"2023-04-11T23:05:18Z","timestamp":1681254318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Convergent evolutionary shifts in rhodopsin retinal release explain shared opsin repertoires in monotremes and crocodilians"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"290","author":[{"given":"Jinqu","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengjing","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Rossiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9258-7237","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2012.05617.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2003.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.0508"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0039"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523808080255"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523812000223"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2002235117"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1817"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095252380017511X"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802426105"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2743"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi201522h"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy140"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msab262"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2118145119"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1532535100"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/158.4.1697"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12794"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1900481116"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","first-page":"666","article-title":"Archelosaurian color vision, parietal eye loss, and the crocodylian nocturnal bottleneck","volume":"34","author":"Emerling CA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Emerling CA. 2017 Archelosaurian color vision, parietal eye loss, and the crocodylian nocturnal bottleneck. 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