{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:33:16Z","timestamp":1784118796857,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2020","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018943","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Conocimiento, Investigaci\u00f3n y Universidad, Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P18-FR-3193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P18-FR-3193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018943","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","award":["CGL2015-68300P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CGL2015-68300P"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","award":["PID2019-111185GB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2019-111185GB-I00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["royalsocietypublishing.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The repeated returns of vertebrates to the marine ecosystems since the Triassic serve as an evolutionary model to understand macroevolutionary change. Here we investigate the effects of the land-to-sea transition on disparity and constraint of the vertebral column in aquatic carnivorans (Carnivora; Pinnipedia) to assess how their functional diversity and evolutionary innovations influenced major radiations of crown pinnipeds. We use three-dimensional geometric morphometrics and multivariate analysis for high-dimensional data under a phylogenetic framework to quantify vertebral size and shape in living and extinct pinnipeds. Our analysis demonstrates an important shift in vertebral column evolution by 10\u201312 million years ago, from an unconstrained to a constrained evolutionary scenario, a point of time that coincides with the major radiation of crown pinnipeds. Moreover, we also demonstrate that the axial skeleton of phocids and otariids followed a different path of morphological evolution that was probably driven by their specialized locomotor strategies. Despite this, we found a significant effect of habitat preference (coastal versus pelagic) on vertebral morphology of crown taxa regardless of the family they belong. In summary, our analysis provides insights into how the land-to-sea transition influenced the complex evolutionary history of pinniped vertebral morphology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T19:05:36Z","timestamp":1712689536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The influence of the land-to-sea macroevolutionary transition on vertebral column disparification in Pinnipedia"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Esteban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s\/n, 29071, M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0221-1103","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alberto","family":"Mart\u00edn-Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s\/n, 29071, M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"P\u00e9rez-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s\/n, 29071, M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Rybczynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Palaeobiology, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1P 6P4"},{"name":"Department of Earth Sciences &amp; Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2542-3977","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Borja","family":"Figueirido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecolog\u00eda y Geolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos s\/n, 29071, M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.174.1.247"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative biologic anatomical investigations on the vertebral column and spinal musculature of mammals. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandshe Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde","volume":"17","author":"Slijper EJ","year":"1946","unstructured":"Slijper EJ. 1946 Comparative biologic anatomical investigations on the vertebral column and spinal musculature of mammals. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandshe Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeeling Natuurkunde. Tweede Sectie 17, 1-128.","journal-title":"Tweede Sectie"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2014.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.12809"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2016.1224892"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13127-016-0304-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar3126"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2019.1771"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02346-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/evl3.224"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13811"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.221509"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics4030060"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2011.01406.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-023-09650-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318108"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2022.0047"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12790"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/36.6.628"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa3716"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icw129"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icw123"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2020.0199"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-373553-9.00202-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_27_2","volume-title":"Handbook of the mammals of the world: vol. 4: sea mammals","author":"Mittermeier RA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mittermeier RA, Wilson DE. 2014 Handbook of the mammals of the world: vol. 4: sea mammals. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx Edicions."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_28_2","volume-title":"Pinnipeds. Encyclopedia of marine mammals","author":"Berta A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berta A. 2018 Pinnipeds. Encyclopedia of marine mammals. London, UK: Academic Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1957.tb00286.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07985"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.1994.10011567"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_32_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"The Enaliarctinae: a new group of extinct aquatic Carnivora and a consideration of the origin of the Otariidae","volume":"151","author":"Mitchell E","year":"1973","unstructured":"Mitchell E, Tedford RH. 1973 The Enaliarctinae: a new group of extinct aquatic Carnivora and a consideration of the origin of the Otariidae. Bull. AMNH. 151, 3.","journal-title":"Bull. AMNH."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_33_2","first-page":"23","article-title":"Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California","volume":"13","author":"Kellogg R","year":"1922","unstructured":"Kellogg R. 1922 Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences. 13, 23-132.","journal-title":"University of California Publications in Geological Sciences."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_34_2","unstructured":"3D System. 2022. Geomagic Essentials. See https:\/\/support.3dsystems.com\/s\/article\/Getting-Started-Geomagic-Essentials?language=en_US."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_35_2","unstructured":"Stratovan Corporation. 2018 Stratovan Checkpoint. Version 2018.08.07. See https:\/\/www.stratovan.com\/products\/checkpoint."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_36_2","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2022","unstructured":"R Core Team. 2022 R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. See https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_37_2","unstructured":"Maddison W Maddison D. 2007 Mesquite 2. A modular system for evolutionary analysis 3. Version 3.70. See https:\/\/www.mesquiteproject.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty633"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-10-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-10-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2019.00457"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08912963.2020.1795649"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2020.1789867"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_44_2","volume-title":"Statistical shape analysis","author":"Dryden IL","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dryden IL, Mardia KV. 1998 Statistical shape analysis. New York, NY: Wiley."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_45_2","unstructured":"Adams DC Collyer M Kaliontzopoulou A Sherratt E. 2017 Geomorph: Software for geometric morphometric analyses. See https:\/\/cran.rproject.org\/package=geomorph"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.2009.00649.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_47_2","first-page":"75","article-title":"Phenotypic trajectory analysis: comparison of shape change patterns in evolution and ecology","volume":"24","author":"Collyer ML","year":"2013","unstructured":"Collyer ML, Adams DC. 2013 Phenotypic trajectory analysis: comparison of shape change patterns in evolution and ecology. Hystrix. 24, 75.","journal-title":"Hystrix."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.13022"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1084786"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm538"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12549-012-0077-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13300"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/iob\/obab026"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.200.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330980306"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_56_2","volume-title":"Morphology and function of pinniped necks: the long and short of It","author":"Keller J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keller J. 2019 Morphology and function of pinniped necks: the long and short of It. Los Angeles, CA: University of California."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22926"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05135-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_59_2","volume-title":"Secondary adaptation of tetrapods to life in water","author":"Berta A","year":"2001","unstructured":"Berta A, Adam PJ. 2001 Evolutionary biology of pinnipeds. In Secondary adaptation of tetrapods to life in water (eds JM Mazin, V de Buffr\u00e9nil). Munich, Germany: Verlag Dr Friedrich Pfeil."},{"key":"e_1_3_8_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-008-9099-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052140311"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-015-0285-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2750"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1059412"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-1951(97)00163-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1130\/G25509A.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05712-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5708"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlx098"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.172393"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mms.12285"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2017.1035"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05512-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_74_2","unstructured":"Esteban JM Mart\u00edn-Serra A P\u00e9rez-Ramos A Rybczynski N Jones K Figueirido B. 2024 The influence of the land-to-sea macroevolutionary transition on vertebral column disparification in Pinnipedia. Figshare. (doi:10.6084\/m9.figshare.c.7151233)"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T19:06:38Z","timestamp":1712689598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2020","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2023.2752","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2023.2752\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2023.2752\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2023.2752\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2023.2752\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0962-8452","1471-2954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-8452","type":"print"},{"value":"1471-2954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"20232752"}}