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R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Niche theory predicts that ecologically similar species coexist by minimizing interspecific competition through niche partitioning. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of niche partitioning is essential for predicting interactions and coexistence between competing organisms. Here, we study two phoretic mite species,<jats:italic>Poecilochirus carabi<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Macrocheles nataliae<\/jats:italic>that coexist on the same host burying beetle<jats:italic>Nicrophorus vespilloides<\/jats:italic>and use it to \u2018hitchhike\u2019 between reproductive sites. Field observations revealed clear spatial partitioning between species in distinct host body parts.<jats:italic>Poecilochirus carabi<\/jats:italic>preferred the ventral side of the thorax, whereas<jats:italic>M. nataliae<\/jats:italic>were exclusively found ventrally at the hairy base of the abdomen. Experimental manipulations of mite density showed that each species preferred these body parts, largely regardless of the density of the other mite species on the host beetle. Force measurements indicated that this spatial distribution is mediated by biomechanical adaptations, because each mite species required more force to be removed from their preferred location on the beetle. While<jats:italic>P. carabi<\/jats:italic>attached with large adhesive pads to the smooth thorax cuticle,<jats:italic>M. nataliae<\/jats:italic>gripped abdominal setae with their chelicerae. Our results show that specialist biomechanical adaptations for attachment can mediate spatial niche partitioning among species sharing the same host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2024.0230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:05:55Z","timestamp":1710893155000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biomechanical adaptations enable phoretic mite species to occupy distinct spatial niches on host burying beetles"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"291","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7859-9346","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Syuan-Jyun","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK"},{"name":"International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6375-3005","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Walter","family":"Federle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1159-0758","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Kilner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.03.110172.000543"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.185.4145.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/10-0154.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.03.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.170060"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.160175"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-012-2327-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2015.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1890\/08-2291.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35086568"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2007.03403.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.68583"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02067397"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.43.1.595"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2003.2444"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222939800770101"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/p.12620"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_19_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"A review of the Macrochelidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) of the British Isles","volume":"54","author":"Hyatt KH","year":"1988","unstructured":"Hyatt KH, Emberson RM. 1988 A review of the Macrochelidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) of the British Isles. 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