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R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Lunar rhythms shape spawning phenology and subsequent risks and rewards for early life-history stages in the sea. Here, we consider a perplexing spawning phenology of the sixbar wrasse (\n            <jats:italic>Thalassoma hardwicke<\/jats:italic>\n            ), in which parents spawn disproportionately around the new moon, despite the low survival of these larvae. Because primary sex determination in this system is highly plastic and sensitive to social environments experienced early in development, we ask whether this puzzling pattern of spawning is explained by fitness trade-offs associated with primary sexual maturation. We used otoliths from 871 fish to explore how spawning on different phases of the moon shapes the environments and phenotypes of settling larvae. Offspring that were born at the new moon were more likely to settle (i) before other larvae, (ii) at a larger body size, (iii) at an older age, (iv) to the best quality sites, and (v) as part of a social group\u2014all increasing the likelihood of primary maturation to male. Selection of birthdates across life stage transitions suggests that the perplexing spawning phenology of adults may reflect an evolutionarily stable strategy that includes new moon spawning for compensatory benefits later in life, including preferential production of primary males at certain times.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2024.0613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T23:07:21Z","timestamp":1722985641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Lunar rhythms and their carry-over effects may shape environmental sex determination in a coral reef fish"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"291","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5770-4859","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Shima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7757-0528","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Suzanne H.","family":"Alonzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1918-7904","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Craig W.","family":"Osenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6282-4008","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erik G.","family":"Noonburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7001 Seaview Avenue NW, Suite 160 PMB 860, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6381-9943","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Swearer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/406066"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2005.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(02)00057-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001899"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","first-page":"324","article-title":"Thermosensitive period for sex determination in the tuatara","volume":"5","author":"Nelson NJ","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nelson NJ, Moore JA, Pillai S, Keall SN. 2010 Thermosensitive period for sex determination in the tuatara. 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