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R. Soc. B."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Infectious diseases have detrimental impacts across wildlife taxa. Despite this, we often lack information on the complex spatial and contact structures of host populations, reducing our ability to understand disease spread and our preparedness for epidemic response. This is also prevalent in the marine environment, where rapid habitat changes due to anthropogenic disturbances and human-induced climate change are heightening the vulnerability of marine species to disease. Recognizing these risks, we leveraged a collated dataset to establish a data-driven epidemiological metapopulation model for Tamanend\u2019s bottlenose dolphins (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Tursiops erebennus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), whose populations are periodically impacted by deadly respiratory disease. We found their spatial distribution and contact is heterogeneous throughout their habitat and by ecotype, which explains differences in past infection burdens. With our metapopulation approach, we demonstrate spatial hotspots for epidemic risk during migratory seasons and that populations in some central estuaries would be the most effective sentinels for disease surveillance. These mathematical models provide a generalizable, non-invasive tool that takes advantage of routinely collected wildlife data to mechanistically understand disease transmission and inform disease surveillance tactics. Our findings highlight the heterogeneities that play a crucial role in shaping the impacts of infectious diseases, and how a data-driven understanding of these mechanisms enhances epidemic preparedness.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2025.0698","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:38:34Z","timestamp":1753868314000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Seasonal contact and migration structure mass epidemics and inform outbreak preparedness in a vulnerable marine mammal"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"292","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0266-9878","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melissa Ann","family":"Collier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Urian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Marine Laboratory","place":["Beaufort, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Theisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann-Marie","family":"Jacoby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University Marine Laboratory","place":["Beaufort, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wilkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOAA Fisheries","place":["Silver Spring, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]},{"name":"NOAA Fisheries","place":["Silver Spring, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7140-2993","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Megan","family":"Wallen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]},{"name":"NOAA Fisheries West Coast Region","place":["Seattle, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6901-5022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vittoria","family":"Colizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pierre Louis d\u2019Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, INSERM, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Paris F75012, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shweta","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Georgetown University","place":["Washington, USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(00)89050-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5452.443"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2006.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2008.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1644\/07-MAMM-S-312R1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.15163"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194694"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2656.12786"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.21309"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.21470"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.080551197"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165209"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10344-013-0769-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00535-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v6125093"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v6125145"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_18_2","first-page":"524","article-title":"The striped dolphin epizootic in the Mediterranean Sea","volume":"22","author":"Aguilar A","year":"1993","unstructured":"Aguilar A, Raga JA. 1993 The striped dolphin epizootic in the Mediterranean Sea. 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