{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T10:05:46Z","timestamp":1784196346145,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"The Royal Society","issue":"2074","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Arizona and Arizona Department of Health Services"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007049","name":"McKnight Brain Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human foraging requires cognitive and physical demands that influence each other. These demands include challenges of staying upright while walking bipedally in complex environments, along with other cognitive tasks (e.g. navigation, executive functions). The combination of cognition and movement is known as cognitive\u2013motor dual-tasks, which can result in declines in performance. However, the influence of cognitive\u2013motor dual-tasks has not been observed in ecologically relevant settings. By using a laboratory-based experiment with 45 healthy participants, as well as observations from foraging bouts with the Hadza, a hunter\u2013gatherer population living in northern Tanzania, we tested the hypothesis that walking over uneven terrain and cognitive challenges interfere with both locomotor and cognitive performance. In the laboratory-based experiment, walking over uneven terrain and walking with the cognitive\u2013motor dual-task were associated with a reduction in stride frequency. Additionally, dual-task walking was associated with worse cognitive performance on both the flat surface and a further reduction on the uneven surface. In Hadza participants, engaging in verbal communication and walking over uneven terrain were negatively associated with stride frequency. Our findings highlight the interplay between cognition and locomotion in ecologically relevant foraging contexts, suggesting that cognitive demands may serve as a constraint on human mobility in complex environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2025.2615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:07:26Z","timestamp":1783469246000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cognitive demands of bipedal locomotion during human foraging"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"293","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3694-7218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Hugo","family":"Aslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 1","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"],"department":["Biological Sciences, Human and Evolutionary Biology,"]},{"name":"Harvard University, 2","place":["Cambridge,, MA,, USA"],"department":["Human Evolutionary Biology,"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2554-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Sayre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Santa Barbara, 3","place":["Santa Barbara,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 4","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"],"department":["Psychology,"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2397-6543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herman","family":"Pontzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, 5","place":["Durham,, NC,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan M.","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 6","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiladia","family":"Markarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 6","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anika","family":"Seshadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 6","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles, 7","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gene E.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arizona, 8","place":["Tucson,, AZ,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Raichlen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, 6","place":["Los Angeles,, CA,, USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071605215054900_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.05.001","article-title":"Adaptive capacity: an evolutionary neuroscience model linking exercise, cognition, and brain health","volume":"40","author":"Raichlen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloplacha.2010.01.015","article-title":"Cenozoic vegetation, climate changes and hominid evolution in tropical Africa","volume":"72","author":"Bonnefille","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob. Planet. Change"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adq3613","article-title":"The evolving three-dimensional landscape of human adaptation","volume":"10","author":"Zeller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf0130","article-title":"The energetics of uniquely human subsistence strategies","volume":"374","author":"Kraft","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278646","article-title":"Uneven terrain treadmill walking in younger and older adults","volume":"17","author":"Downey","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1162\/imag_a_00097","article-title":"Electrical brain activity during human walking with parametric variations in terrain unevenness and walking speed","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Imaging Neurosci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2018.10.003","article-title":"The interaction between cognition and motor control: a theoretical framework for dual-task interference effects on posture, gait initiation, gait and turning","volume":"48","author":"Bayot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurophysiol. Clin."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2378","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10944-5","article-title":"Neural correlates of dual-task walking in people with central neurological disorders: a systematic review","volume":"269","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131608","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/131608","article-title":"Age-related deficits of dual-task walking: a review","volume":"2012","author":"Beurskens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2023.08.010","article-title":"Uneven surface and cognitive dual-task independently affect gait quality in older adults","volume":"106","author":"Suri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2006.01651.x","article-title":"Spinal control of locomotion\u2014from cat to man","volume":"189","author":"Hultborn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00730.2011","article-title":"Somatosensory control of balance during locomotion in decerebrated cat","volume":"107","author":"Musienko","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858403009003012","article-title":"How we walk: central control of muscle activity during human walking","volume":"9","author":"Nielsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2006.01.042","article-title":"Human balance, the evolution of bipedalism and dysequilibrium syndrome","volume":"66","author":"Skoyles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4877","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1403659111","article-title":"Neither chimpanzee nor human, Ardipithecus reveals the surprising ancestry of both","volume":"112","author":"White","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20170816","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2017.0816","article-title":"Control of human gait stability through foot placement","volume":"15","author":"Bruijn","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.03.025","article-title":"The condition for dynamic stability","volume":"38","author":"Hof","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011861","article-title":"The condition for dynamic stability in humans walking with feedback control","volume":"20","author":"Reimann","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1188-118","article-title":"Evolution of human walking","volume":"259","author":"Lovejoy","year":"1988","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.05.031","article-title":"Economy and endurance in human evolution","volume":"27","author":"Pontzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.21911","article-title":"Energetic and endurance constraints on great ape quadrupedalism and the benefits of hominin bipedalism","volume":"30","author":"Raichlen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evol. Anthropol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2017.05.011","article-title":"Foraging cognition: reviving the ecological intelligence hypothesis","volume":"21","author":"Rosati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.)"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.29.1.3","article-title":"A central capacity sharing model of dual-task performance","volume":"29","author":"Tombu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept Perform."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.67177","article-title":"How human runners regulate footsteps on uneven terrain","volume":"12","author":"Dhawale","year":"2023","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00488","article-title":"Familiarization protocol influences reproducibility of 20-km cycling time-trial performance in novice participants","volume":"8","author":"Hibbert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2013.02.004","article-title":"Gradual training reduces practice difficulty while preserving motor learning of a novel locomotor task","volume":"32","author":"Sawers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-020-1484-5","article-title":"Effects of simultaneous cognitive and aerobic exercise training on dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults: results from a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Raichlen","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617703930074","article-title":"The effects of practice on the cognitive test performance of neurologically normal individuals assessed at brief test\u2013retest intervals","volume":"9","author":"Collie","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-019-01619-4","article-title":"The dual-task practice advantage: empirical evidence and cognitive mechanisms","volume":"27","author":"Strobach","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychon. Bull. Rev."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.581225","article-title":"Effects of motor versus cognitive task prioritization during dual-task practice on dual-task performance in young adults","volume":"11","author":"Beurskens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R31","volume-title":"Biomechanics of movement: the science of sports, robotics, and rehabilitation","author":"Uchida","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-2-26","article-title":"Stride-to-stride variability while backward counting among healthy young adults","volume":"2","author":"Beauchet","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2010.08.008","article-title":"Cognitive motor interference while walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Al-Yahya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.87780","article-title":"Linking the evolution of two prefrontal brain regions to social and foraging challenges in primates","volume":"12","author":"Bouret","year":"2024","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R35","volume-title":"The Hadza: hunter-gatherers of Tanzania","author":"Marlowe","year":"2010"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R36","volume-title":"Demography and evolutionary ecology of Hadza hunter-gatherers","author":"Jones","year":"2016"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199703000-00008","article-title":"Hemiplegic gait. Relationships between walking speed and other temporal parameters","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1123\/jmpb.2019-0016","article-title":"Step counts from satellites: methods for integrating accelerometer and GPS data for more accurate measures of pedestrian travel","volume":"3","author":"Wood","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Meas. Phys. Behav."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R39","article-title":"Forest terrains influence walking kinematics among indigenous Tsimane of the Bolivian Amazon","volume":"4","author":"Holowka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Evol. Hum. Sci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R40","volume-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R41","unstructured":"Bates\n              D\n            \n            et al\n          . 2022lme4: linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. (doi:10.32614\/CRAN.package.lme4)"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v080.i01","article-title":"brms: an R package for Bayesian multilevel models using Stan","volume":"80","author":"B\u00fcrkner","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104092","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jml.2020.104092","article-title":"Best practice guidance for linear mixed-effects models in psychological science","volume":"112","author":"Meteyard","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mem. Lang."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3261-0","volume-title":"Time series analysis and its applications","author":"Shumway","year":"2000"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2003.06.002","article-title":"Mechanical and metabolic requirements for active lateral stabilization in human walking","volume":"37","author":"Donelan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R46","first-page":"20130700","article-title":"Humans exploit the biomechanics of bipedal gait during visually guided walking over complex terrain","volume":"280","author":"Matthis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.249840","article-title":"The energetic cost of human walking as a function of uneven terrain amplitude","volume":"228","author":"Hosseini-Yazdi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2211405120","article-title":"Humans plan for the near future to walk economically on uneven terrain","volume":"120","author":"Darici","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-57156-6","article-title":"Anticipatory control of momentum for bipedal walking on uneven terrain","volume":"10","author":"Darici","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10110860","article-title":"Cortical beta oscillatory activity evoked during reactive balance recovery scales with perturbation difficulty and individual balance ability","volume":"10","author":"Ghosn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.167","article-title":"An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function","volume":"24","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8032180","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8032180","article-title":"Neural correlates of dual-task walking: effects of cognitive versus motor interference in young adults","volume":"2016","author":"Beurskens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1389488","article-title":"Prefrontal cortical activity during uneven terrain walking in younger and older adults","volume":"16","author":"Hwang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1318616111","article-title":"Evidence of Levy walk foraging patterns in human hunter-gatherers","volume":"111","author":"Raichlen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-01002-7","article-title":"Gendered movement ecology and landscape use in Hadza hunter-gatherers","volume":"5","author":"Wood","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Hum. Behav."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.08.008","article-title":"Toward an understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying dual-task performance: contribution of comparative approaches using animal models","volume":"84","author":"Watanabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2512055122","article-title":"Cognitive correlates of human endurance","volume":"122","author":"Aslan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R58","first-page":"3963","article-title":"Biomechanics and energetics of walking on uneven terrain","volume":"216","author":"Voloshina","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.07.014","article-title":"Metabolic and mechanical energy costs of reducing vertical center of mass movement during gait","volume":"90","author":"Gordon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/00003677-200504000-00006","article-title":"Energetic consequences of walking like an inverted pendulum: step-to-step transitions","volume":"33","author":"Kuo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Exerc. Sport Sci. Rev."},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R61","article-title":"Data and code from: Cognitive demands of bipedal locomotion during human foraging. Dryad Digital Repository.","author":"Aslan","year":"2026"},{"key":"2026071605215054900_R62","article-title":"Supplementary material from: Cognitive demands of bipedal locomotion during human foraging. Figshare.","author":"Aslan","year":"2026"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rspb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2025.2615\/6150914\/rspb.2025.2615.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rspb\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2025.2615\/6150914\/rspb.2025.2615.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:22:15Z","timestamp":1784193735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/rspb\/article\/293\/2074\/20252615\/482460\/Cognitive-demands-of-bipedal-locomotion-during"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2074","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2025.2615","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v6\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v4\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v5\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v5\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v4\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v6\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1098\/RSPB.2025.2615\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1471-2954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"article-number":"20252615"}}