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We describe Eosphorosuchus lacrimosa gen. et sp. nov., an early crocodylomorph from the Late Triassic of Ghost Ranch, New Mexico, whose cranial anatomy is divergent from that of other early crocodylomorphs (including Hesperosuchus agilis, to which it had been tentatively assigned), featuring an unusually short and osteologically reinforced facial region. A robust upper temporal arch and prominent surangular ridge indicate the presence of well-developed superficial external adductor musculature, which is divergent relative to pseudosuchians generally. These autapomorphies suggest specialization for a powerful bite. Bayesian and maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses find E. lacrimosa outside of an H. agilis clade, near the base of Crocodylomorpha. The specializations of E. lacrimosa therefore represent the beginnings of ecological diversification within Crocodylomorpha among animals of a similar size, predating the Late Triassic appearance of Crocodyliformes and the Jurassic radiation of mesoeucrocodylians. Coexistence in the same single-event death assemblage of E. lacrimosa and H. agilis\u2014two small early crocodylomorphs with functionally significant anatomical differences\u2014suggests partitioning of terrestrial carnivorous niches within the \u2018sphenosuchian\u2019 grade.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2026.0130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:09:52Z","timestamp":1776211792000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A short-snouted \u2018sphenosuchian\u2019 with unusual feeding anatomy demonstrates that ecological specialization occurred early in crocodylomorph evolution"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"293","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3631-3497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miranda","family":"Margulis-Ohnuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University 1 , , ,","place":["New Haven, CT, USA, 06511"],"department":["Earth and Planetary Sciences"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2852-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander A.","family":"Ruebenstahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University 1 , , ,","place":["New Haven, CT, USA, 06511"],"department":["Earth and Planetary Sciences"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0050-6354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalton L.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University 1 , , ,","place":["New Haven, CT, USA, 06511"],"department":["Earth and Planetary Sciences"]},{"name":"Roanoke College 2 , , ,","place":["Salem, VA, USA, 24153"],"department":["School of Health, Science, and Sustainability"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bhart-Anjan S.","family":"Bhullar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University 1 , , ,","place":["New Haven, CT, USA, 06511"],"department":["Earth and Planetary Sciences"]},{"name":"Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History 3 , , ,","place":["New Haven, CT, USA, 06511"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041420094594600_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.1992.10011473","article-title":"Procompsognathus: theropod, \u2018thecodont\u2019 or both?","volume":"12","author":"Sereno","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. 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