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Prior work on polymer\u2013clay nanocomposites (PCNs) has indicated the effect of the appropriate choice of modifiers on enhancing properties of PCNs. Our X-ray diffraction results indicate an increase in the\n                    <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                    -spacing of Na-MMT clay after it was modified with the three unnatural amino acids. Transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments were carried out on the unmodified and modified MMT clay samples to study the molecular interactions between the amino acids used as modifiers and the Na-MMT clay. Cell culture experiments showed that the Na-MMT clay modified with the three amino acids was biocompatible as were the modified clay-incorporated films of chitosan\/polygalacturonic acid\/hydroxyapatite.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2010.0008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,22]],"date-time":"2010-03-22T03:43:15Z","timestamp":1269229395000},"page":"1963-1980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Use of unnatural amino acids for design of novel organomodified clays as components of nanocomposite biomaterials"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"368","author":[{"given":"Kalpana S.","family":"Katti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo,\u00a0ND\u00a058105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avinash H.","family":"Ambre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo,\u00a0ND\u00a058105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Peterka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo,\u00a0ND\u00a058105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh R.","family":"Katti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo,\u00a0ND\u00a058105, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-796X(00)00012-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1366\/000370208786822269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2009.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ma010780b"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.09.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020309330371"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clay.2004.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2008.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-5931(00)00148-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.19893221103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.19960080104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-1317(99)00019-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","first-page":"40","article-title":"Flammability studies of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites","volume":"33","author":"Gilman J. 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