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Recent experiments also show less obvious effects such as increased charging of other (non-starved) tRNA species and selective charging of isoaccepting tRNAs. We present a mechanism which accounts for these observations and shows that production of some proteins can actually increase under starvation. One might assume that such responses could only be a result of sophisticated control pathways, but here we show that these effects can occur naturally due to changes in the supply and demand for different resources, and that control can be accomplished through selective use of rare codons. We develop a model for translation which includes the dynamics of the charging and use of aminoacylated tRNAs, explicitly taking into account the effect of specific codon sequences. This constitutes a new control mechanism in gene regulation which emerges at the community level, i.e. via resources used by all ribosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2015.0107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,2]],"date-time":"2015-11-02T21:03:58Z","timestamp":1446498238000},"page":"20150107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Community control in cellular protein production: consequences for amino acid starvation"],"prefix":"10.1098","volume":"373","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9276-5013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank S.","family":"Heldt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitaetsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5973-8179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris A.","family":"Brackley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celso","family":"Grebogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, SUPA, King\u2019s College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology, SUPA, King\u2019s College, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"175","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","volume-title":"Molecular biology of the cell","author":"Alberts B","year":"2002","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400341"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.000877"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.59.031805.133833"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(03)00009-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2008.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1187404"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950151007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.69.1.617"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(89)90260-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(84)90027-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(82)90250-9","article-title":"Correlation between the abundance of yeast transfer RNAs and the occurrence of the respective codons in protein genes. 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